ruken

See also: rüken

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *rūcan, from Proto-West Germanic *reukan, from Proto-Germanic *reukaną.

Verb

ruken

  1. to smell, to perceive a smell
  2. to smell, to emit a smell

Inflection

Conjugation of ruken (strong class 2)
infinitive base form ruken
genitive rukens
dative rukene
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular ruke rôoc ruke rōke
2nd person singular ruucs, rukes rōocs, rōkes ruucs, rukes rōkes
3rd person singular ruuct, ruket rôoc ruke rōke
1st person plural ruken rōken ruken rōken
2nd person plural ruuct, ruket rōoct, rōket ruuct, ruket rōket
3rd person plural ruken rōken ruken rōken
imperative
singular ruuc, ruke
plural ruuct, ruket
present past
participle rukende gerōken

Alternative forms

Descendants

  • Dutch: ruiken, rieken
  • Limburgish: ruke

Further reading

  • “ruken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “ruken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
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