runco

See also: Runco

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *runkāō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃runk- (“to dig out”), a nasal-infixed form of *h₃rewk- (“to dig out, till soil”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρύσσω (orússō, “to dig”), Sanskrit लुञ्चति (luñcati, “to pluck”).[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

runcō (present infinitive runcāre, perfect active runcāvī, supine runcātum); first conjugation

  1. to weed, clear of weeds
  2. to weed out, thin out, root up

Conjugation

   Conjugation of runcō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present runcō runcās runcat runcāmus runcātis runcant
imperfect runcābam runcābās runcābat runcābāmus runcābātis runcābant
future runcābō runcābis runcābit runcābimus runcābitis runcābunt
perfect runcāvī runcāvistī runcāvit runcāvimus runcāvistis runcāvērunt,
runcāvēre
pluperfect runcāveram runcāverās runcāverat runcāverāmus runcāverātis runcāverant
future perfect runcāverō runcāveris runcāverit runcāverimus runcāveritis runcāverint
passive present runcor runcāris,
runcāre 		runcātur runcāmur runcāminī runcantur
imperfect runcābar runcābāris,
runcābāre 		runcābātur runcābāmur runcābāminī runcābantur
future runcābor runcāberis,
runcābere 		runcābitur runcābimur runcābiminī runcābuntur
perfect runcātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect runcātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect runcātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present runcem runcēs runcet runcēmus runcētis runcent
imperfect runcārem runcārēs runcāret runcārēmus runcārētis runcārent
perfect runcāverim runcāverīs runcāverit runcāverīmus runcāverītis runcāverint
pluperfect runcāvissem runcāvissēs runcāvisset runcāvissēmus runcāvissētis runcāvissent
passive present runcer runcēris,
runcēre 		runcētur runcēmur runcēminī runcentur
imperfect runcārer runcārēris,
runcārēre 		runcārētur runcārēmur runcārēminī runcārentur
perfect runcātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect runcātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — runcā — — runcāte —
future — runcātō runcātō — runcātōte runcantō
passive present — runcāre — — runcāminī —
future — runcātor runcātor — — runcantor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present runcāre runcārī runcāns —
future runcātūrum esse runcātum īrī runcātūrus runcandus
perfect runcāvisse runcātum esse — runcātus
future perfect — runcātum fore — —
perfect potential runcātūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
runcandī runcandō runcandum runcandō runcātum runcātū

Derived terms

Descendants

Numerous forms reflect prefixation with ad-.

  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: aruc
    • Megleno-Romanian: runc
    • Romanian: arunca
    • → Albanian: rungoj
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Italian: roncare
    • Sicilian: arrancari
  • Padanian:
  • Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:

References

  • “runco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • "runco", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • runco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “runcō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 530
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