seachain

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish sechnaid.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

seachain (present analytic seachnaíonn, future analytic seachnóidh, verbal noun seachaint, past participle seachanta)

  1. to avoid, evade, shun
    Ní féidir iad a sheachaint. ― It's impossible to avoid them.
  2. to take care, to mind
    Seachain na smugairle róin. ― Mind the seal spit.
  3. to yield

Conjugation

conjugation of seachain (second conjugation)
verbal noun seachaint
past participle seachanta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present seachnaím seachnaíonn tú;
seachnaír† 		seachnaíonn sé, sí seachnaímid;
seachnaíonn muid 		seachnaíonn sibh seachnaíonn siad;
seachnaíd† 		a sheachnaíonn; a sheachnaíos /
a seachnaíonn* 		seachnaítear
past sheachain mé; sheachnaíos sheachain tú; sheachnaís sheachain sé, sí sheachnaíomar; sheachain muid sheachain sibh; sheachnaíobhair sheachain siad; sheachnaíodar a sheachain /
ar sheachain* 		seachnaíodh
past habitual sheachnaínn / seachnaínn‡‡ sheachnaíteá / seachnaíteᇇ sheachnaíodh sé, sí / seachnaíodh sé, s퇇 sheachnaímis; sheachnaíodh muid / seachnaímis‡‡; seachnaíodh muid‡‡ sheachnaíodh sibh / seachnaíodh sibh‡‡ sheachnaídís; sheachnaíodh siad / seachnaídís‡‡; seachnaíodh siad‡‡ a sheachnaíodh /
a seachnaíodh* 		sheachnaítí / seachnaít퇇
future seachnóidh mé;
seachnód;
seachnóchaidh mé† 		seachnóidh tú;
seachnóir†;
seachnóchaidh tú† 		seachnóidh sé, sí;
seachnóchaidh sé, sí† 		seachnóimid;
seachnóidh muid;
seachnóchaimid†;
seachnóchaidh muid† 		seachnóidh sibh;
seachnóchaidh sibh† 		seachnóidh siad;
seachnóid†;
seachnóchaidh siad† 		a sheachnóidh; a sheachnós; a sheachnóchaidh†; a sheachnóchas† /
a seachnóidh*; a seachnóchaidh*† 		seachnófar; seachnóchar†
conditional sheachnóinn; sheachnóchainn† / seachnóinn‡‡; seachnóchainn†‡‡ sheachnófá; sheachnóchthᆠ/ seachnófᇇ; seachnóchthᆇ‡ sheachnódh sé, sí; sheachnóchadh sé, s토/ seachnódh sé, s퇇; seachnóchadh sé, s톇‡ sheachnóimis; sheachnódh muid; sheachnóchaimis†; sheachnóchadh muid† / seachnóimis‡‡; seachnódh muid‡‡; seachnóchaimis†‡‡; seachnóchadh muid†‡‡ sheachnódh sibh; sheachnóchadh sibh† / seachnódh sibh‡‡; seachnóchadh sibh†‡‡ sheachnóidís; sheachnódh siad; sheachnóchadh siad† / seachnóidís‡‡; seachnódh siad‡‡; seachnóchadh siad†‡‡ a sheachnódh; a sheachnóchadh† /
a seachnódh*; a seachnóchadh*† 		sheachnófaí; sheachnóchtha토/ seachnófa퇇; seachnóchtha톇‡
subjunctive
present go seachnaí mé;
go seachnaíod† 		go seachnaí tú;
go seachnaír† 		go seachnaí sé, sí go seachnaímid;
go seachnaí muid 		go seachnaí sibh go seachnaí siad;
go seachnaíd† 		— go seachnaítear
past dá seachnaínn dá seachnaíteá dá seachnaíodh sé, sí dá seachnaímis;
dá seachnaíodh muid 		dá seachnaíodh sibh dá seachnaídís;
dá seachnaíodh siad 		— dá seachnaítí
imperative
– seachnaím seachain seachnaíodh sé, sí seachnaímis seachnaígí;
seachnaídh† 		seachnaídís — seachnaítear

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

  • dosheachanta (“inevitable”, adjective)
  • inseachanta (“avoidable”, adjective)
  • seachantach (“elusive”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of seachain
radical lenition eclipsis
seachain sheachain
after an, tseachain 		not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sechnaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Irish sechnaid.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʃɛxɪn/

Verb

seachain (past sheachain, future seachainidh, verbal noun seachnadh, past participle seachainte)

  1. avoid, evade, abstain
  2. elude or shun
  3. omit
  4. spare

Conjugation

Conjugation of seachain (regular)
stem seachain
verbal noun seachnadh
past participle seachainte
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past sheachain mi sheachain tu sheachain e/i sheachain sinn sheachain sibh sheachain iad sheachaineadh
future seachainidh mi seachainidh tu seachainidh e/i seachainidh sinn seachainidh sibh seachainidh iad seachainear
seachaintear
conditional sheachaininn sheachaineadh tu sheachaineadh e/i sheachaineamaid
sheachaineadh sinn 		sheachaineadh sibh sheachaineadh iad sheachainteadh
sheachainist1
sheachainiste1
negative past cha do sheachain mi cha do sheachain tu cha do sheachain e/i cha do sheachain sinn cha do sheachain sibh cha do sheachain iad cha do sheachaineadh
future cha sheachain mi cha sheachain tu cha sheachain e/i cha sheachain sinn cha sheachain sibh cha sheachain iad cha sheachainear
cha sheachaintear
conditional cha sheachaininn cha sheachaineadh tu cha sheachaineadh e/i cha sheachaineamaid
cha sheachaineadh sinn 		cha sheachaineadh sibh cha sheachaineadh iad cha sheachainteadh
cha sheachainist1
cha sheachainiste1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do sheachain mi? an do sheachain tu? an do sheachain e/i? an do sheachain sinn? an do sheachain sibh? an do sheachain iad? an do sheachaineadh?
future an seachain mi? an seachain tu? an seachain e/i? an seachain sinn? an seachain sibh? an seachain iad? an seachainear?
an seachaintear?
conditional an seachaininn? an seachaineadh tu? an seachaineadh e/i? an seachaineamaid?
an seachaineadh sinn? 		an seachaineadh sibh? an seachaineadh iad? an seachainteadh?
an seachainist?1
an seachainiste?1
negative
interrogative 		past nach do sheachain mi? nach do sheachain tu? nach do sheachain e/i? nach do sheachain sinn? nach do sheachain sibh? nach do sheachain iad? nach do sheachaineadh?
future nach seachain mi? nach seachain tu? nach seachain e/i? nach seachain sinn? nach seachain sibh? nach seachain iad? nach seachainear?
nach seachaintear?
conditional nach seachaininn? nach seachaineadh tu? nach seachaineadh e/i? nach seachaineamaid?
nach seachaineadh sinn? 		nach seachaineadh sibh? nach seachaineadh iad? nach seachainteadh?
nach seachainist?1
nach seachainiste?1
relative
future 		affirmative (ma) sheachaineas mi (ma) sheachaineas tu (ma) sheachaineas e/i (ma) sheachaineas sinn (ma) sheachaineas sibh (ma) sheachaineas iad (ma) sheachainear
negative (mur) seachain mi (mur) seachain tu (mur) seachain e/i (mur) seachain sinn (mur) seachain sibh (mur) seachain iad (mur) seachainear
(mur) seachaintear
imperative seachaineam seachain seachaineadh e/i seachaineamaid seachainibh seachaineadh iad seachainear
seachaintear

1 Lewis dialect form

Mutation

Mutation of seachain
radical lenition
seachain sheachain
after "an", t-seachain

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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