siur

See also: siúr

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *swesūr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsʲi.ur/

Noun

siur f (genitive sethar, nominative plural sethir)

  1. sister
  2. kinswoman, female relation

Declension

Feminine r-stem
singular dual plural
nominative siur siairL, sieirL sethir
vocative siur siairL, sieirL sethraH
accusative siairN, sieirN siairL, sieirL sethraH
genitive sethar setharL setharN
dative siairL, sieirL sethraib sethraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Irish: siúr
  • Manx: shuyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: piuthar (back-formed from lenited form fiur, phiur)
  • ⇒ Middle Irish: derbṡiur

Mutation

Mutation of siur
radical lenition nasalization
siur phiur, fiur siur

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Note: Old Irish s, when from Proto-Celtic *sɸ- and *sw-, was lenited as /f/ (spelled ⟨ph⟩ or ⟨f⟩), rather than the usual /h/ (spelled ⟨ṡ⟩).

References

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