tóg

See also: tog and togʻ

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Back-formation from tógáil, from Middle Irish tócbáil,[1] verbal noun of do·fócaib (“lifts up, raises”).[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t̪ˠoːɡ/

Verb

tóg (present analytic tógann, future analytic tógfaidh, verbal noun tógáil, past participle tógtha)

  1. to raise, lift, hoist, elevate, [put up]]
    • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 194:
      Fe dheire do bhí ar an gcaptaen a sheólta a thógaint suas agus dul go dtí dúthaigh éigin ag triall ar lasc [sic; lasta] eile.
      Finally the captain had to hoist his sails and go to some country for another cargo.
  2. to erect, build
  3. to rear, bring up
    gamhain a thógáil ― to rear a calf
    Rugadh agus tógadh i mBaile Átha Cliath é.
    He was born and raised in Dublin.
  4. to seize (take possession of by force, law etc.)
  5. to take (a picture)
    Synonym: glac
    Thóg sé grianghraf.
    He took a photograph.

Inflection

conjugation of tóg (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun tógáil
past participle tógtha
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present tógaim tógann tú;
tógair† 		tógann sé, sí tógaimid tógann sibh tógann siad;
tógaid† 		a thógann; a thógas /
a dtógann* 		tógtar
past thóg mé; thógas thóg tú; thógais thóg sé, sí thógamar; thóg muid thóg sibh; thógabhair thóg siad; thógadar a thóg /
ar thóg* 		tógadh
past habitual thógainn / dtógainn‡‡ thógtá / dtógtᇇ thógadh sé, sí / dtógadh sé, s퇇 thógaimis; thógadh muid / dtógaimis‡‡; dtógadh muid‡‡ thógadh sibh / dtógadh sibh‡‡ thógaidís; thógadh siad / dtógaidís‡‡; dtógadh siad‡‡ a thógadh /
a dtógadh* 		thógtaí / dtógta퇇
future tógfaidh mé;
tógfad 		tógfaidh tú;
tógfair† 		tógfaidh sé, sí tógfaimid;
tógfaidh muid 		tógfaidh sibh tógfaidh siad;
tógfaid† 		a thógfaidh; a thógfas /
a dtógfaidh* 		tógfar
conditional thógfainn / dtógfainn‡‡ thógfá / dtógfᇇ thógfadh sé, sí / dtógfadh sé, s퇇 thógfaimis; thógfadh muid / dtógfaimis‡‡; dtógfadh muid‡‡ thógfadh sibh / dtógfadh sibh‡‡ thógfaidís; thógfadh siad / dtógfaidís‡‡; dtógfadh siad‡‡ a thógfadh /
a dtógfadh* 		thógfaí / dtógfa퇇
subjunctive
present go dtóga mé;
go dtógad† 		go dtóga tú;
go dtógair† 		go dtóga sé, sí go dtógaimid;
go dtóga muid 		go dtóga sibh go dtóga siad;
go dtógaid† 		— go dtógtar
past dá dtógainn dá dtógtá dá dtógadh sé, sí dá dtógaimis;
dá dtógadh muid 		dá dtógadh sibh dá dtógaidís;
dá dtógadh siad 		— dá dtógtaí
imperative
– tógaim tóg tógadh sé, sí tógaimis tógaigí;
tógaidh† 		tógaidís — tógtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

  • Alternative verbal noun: tógaint (Munster)
  • There also exist archaic spellings with bh before vowel-initial endings, e.g. first-person singular tógbhaim, verbal noun tógbháil.

Derived terms

  • atóg
  • tóg ar
  • tóg as
  • tóg chuig
  • tóg de
  • tóg do
  • tóg i
  • tóg isteach
  • tóg le
  • tóg ó
  • tóg suas

Mutation

Mutated forms of tóg
radical lenition eclipsis
tóg thóg dtóg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tócbáil”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·fócaib”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “tógaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 739
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tóg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “tóg”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
  • “tóg”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
  • “tóg”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtuk/
  • Rhymes: -uk
  • Syllabification: tóg
  • Homophone: tuk

Noun

tóg f

  1. genitive plural of toga
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