tacht

See also: -tacht

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tachtaid,[1] from the past participle stem of Proto-Celtic *taketi.

Pronunciation

Verb

tacht (present analytic tachtann, future analytic tachtfaidh, verbal noun tachtadh, past participle tachta)

  1. (transitive) to choke, strangle
    Synonym: plúch

Usage notes

The Irish verb is transitive; the intransitive English senses of “choke, strangle” must be translated using a passive or impersonal construction, such as Tá sé á thachtadh (“He is choking”), Tachtadh iad (“They (were) strangled”), or by making the thing on which the person choked the subject of the sentence, as Thacht cnámh í (“She choked on a bone”, literally “A bone choked her”).

Conjugation

conjugation of tacht (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun tachtadh
past participle tachta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present tachtaim tachtann tú;
tachtair† 		tachtann sé, sí tachtaimid tachtann sibh tachtann siad;
tachtaid† 		a thachtann; a thachtas /
a dtachtann* 		tachtar
past thacht mé; thachtas thacht tú; thachtais thacht sé, sí thachtamar; thacht muid thacht sibh; thachtabhair thacht siad; thachtadar a thacht /
ar thacht* 		tachtadh
past habitual thachtainn / dtachtainn‡‡ thachtá / dtachtᇇ thachtadh sé, sí / dtachtadh sé, s퇇 thachtaimis; thachtadh muid / dtachtaimis‡‡; dtachtadh muid‡‡ thachtadh sibh / dtachtadh sibh‡‡ thachtaidís; thachtadh siad / dtachtaidís‡‡; dtachtadh siad‡‡ a thachtadh /
a dtachtadh* 		thachtaí / dtachta퇇
future tachtfaidh mé;
tachtfad 		tachtfaidh tú;
tachtfair† 		tachtfaidh sé, sí tachtfaimid;
tachtfaidh muid 		tachtfaidh sibh tachtfaidh siad;
tachtfaid† 		a thachtfaidh; a thachtfas /
a dtachtfaidh* 		tachtfar
conditional thachtfainn / dtachtfainn‡‡ thachtfá / dtachtfᇇ thachtfadh sé, sí / dtachtfadh sé, s퇇 thachtfaimis; thachtfadh muid / dtachtfaimis‡‡; dtachtfadh muid‡‡ thachtfadh sibh / dtachtfadh sibh‡‡ thachtfaidís; thachtfadh siad / dtachtfaidís‡‡; dtachtfadh siad‡‡ a thachtfadh /
a dtachtfadh* 		thachtfaí / dtachtfa퇇
subjunctive
present go dtachta mé;
go dtachtad† 		go dtachta tú;
go dtachtair† 		go dtachta sé, sí go dtachtaimid;
go dtachta muid 		go dtachta sibh go dtachta siad;
go dtachtaid† 		— go dtachtar
past dá dtachtainn dá dtachtá dá dtachtadh sé, sí dá dtachtaimis;
dá dtachtadh muid 		dá dtachtadh sibh dá dtachtaidís;
dá dtachtadh siad 		— dá dtachtaí
imperative
– tachtaim tacht tachtadh sé, sí tachtaimis tachtaigí;
tachtaidh† 		tachtaidís — tachtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of tacht
radical lenition eclipsis
tacht thacht dtacht

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tachtaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • “tacht”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “taċtaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 707
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tacht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Scots

Alternative forms

  • taght

Etymology

From Middle English taught, toȝt (“tight, distended”). Cognate with English taut.

Adjective

tacht

  1. Tight; tense; close; stretched out; tightened.
  2. (of persons) Strict; severe.

Derived terms

  • tachten (to tighten)
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