thokozela
Zulu
Etymology
Verb
-thokozela?
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuthokozela | ukungathokozeli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | thokozela | -thokozele | ||||
| plural | thokozelani | -thokozeleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyathokozela, ngithokozela | engithokozelayo, engithokozela | ngithokozela | angithokozeli | engingathokozeli | ngingathokozeli |
| 2nd singular | uyathokozela, uthokozela | othokozelayo, othokozela | uthokozela | awuthokozeli | ongathokozeli | ungathokozeli |
| 1st plural | siyathokozela, sithokozela | esithokozelayo, esithokozela | sithokozela | asithokozeli | esingathokozeli | singathokozeli |
| 2nd plural | niyathokozela, nithokozela | enithokozelayo, enithokozela | nithokozela | anithokozeli | eningathokozeli | ningathokozeli |
| class 1 | uyathokozela, uthokozela | othokozelayo, othokozela | ethokozela | akathokozeli | ongathokozeli | engathokozeli |
| class 2 | bayathokozela, bathokozela | abathokozelayo, abathokozela | bethokozela | abathokozeli | abangathokozeli | bengathokozeli |
| class 3 | uyathokozela, uthokozela | othokozelayo, othokozela | uthokozela | awuthokozeli | ongathokozeli | ungathokozeli |
| class 4 | iyathokozela, ithokozela | ethokozelayo, ethokozela | ithokozela | ayithokozeli | engathokozeli | ingathokozeli |
| class 5 | liyathokozela, lithokozela | elithokozelayo, elithokozela | lithokozela | alithokozeli | elingathokozeli | lingathokozeli |
| class 6 | ayathokozela, athokozela | athokozelayo, athokozela | ethokozela | awathokozeli | angathokozeli | engathokozeli |
| class 7 | siyathokozela, sithokozela | esithokozelayo, esithokozela | sithokozela | asithokozeli | esingathokozeli | singathokozeli |
| class 8 | ziyathokozela, zithokozela | ezithokozelayo, ezithokozela | zithokozela | azithokozeli | ezingathokozeli | zingathokozeli |
| class 9 | iyathokozela, ithokozela | ethokozelayo, ethokozela | ithokozela | ayithokozeli | engathokozeli | ingathokozeli |
| class 10 | ziyathokozela, zithokozela | ezithokozelayo, ezithokozela | zithokozela | azithokozeli | ezingathokozeli | zingathokozeli |
| class 11 | luyathokozela, luthokozela | oluthokozelayo, oluthokozela | luthokozela | aluthokozeli | olungathokozeli | lungathokozeli |
| class 14 | buyathokozela, buthokozela | obuthokozelayo, obuthokozela | buthokozela | abuthokozeli | obungathokozeli | bungathokozeli |
| class 15 | kuyathokozela, kuthokozela | okuthokozelayo, okuthokozela | kuthokozela | akuthokozeli | okungathokozeli | kungathokozeli |
| class 17 | kuyathokozela, kuthokozela | okuthokozelayo, okuthokozela | kuthokozela | akuthokozeli | okungathokozeli | kungathokozeli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngithokozelile, ngithokozelē | engithokozelile, engithokozelē | ngithokozelile, ngithokozelē | angithokozelanga | engingathokozelanga | ngingathokozelanga |
| 2nd singular | uthokozelile, uthokozelē | othokozelile, othokozelē | uthokozelile, uthokozelē | awuthokozelanga | ongathokozelanga | ungathokozelanga |
| 1st plural | sithokozelile, sithokozelē | esithokozelile, esithokozelē | sithokozelile, sithokozelē | asithokozelanga | esingathokozelanga | singathokozelanga |
| 2nd plural | nithokozelile, nithokozelē | enithokozelile, enithokozelē | nithokozelile, nithokozelē | anithokozelanga | eningathokozelanga | ningathokozelanga |
| class 1 | uthokozelile, uthokozelē | othokozelile, othokozelē | ethokozelile, ethokozelē | akathokozelanga | ongathokozelanga | engathokozelanga |
| class 2 | bathokozelile, bathokozelē | abathokozelile, abathokozelē | bethokozelile, bethokozelē | abathokozelanga | abangathokozelanga | bengathokozelanga |
| class 3 | uthokozelile, uthokozelē | othokozelile, othokozelē | uthokozelile, uthokozelē | awuthokozelanga | ongathokozelanga | ungathokozelanga |
| class 4 | ithokozelile, ithokozelē | ethokozelile, ethokozelē | ithokozelile, ithokozelē | ayithokozelanga | engathokozelanga | ingathokozelanga |
| class 5 | lithokozelile, lithokozelē | elithokozelile, elithokozelē | lithokozelile, lithokozelē | alithokozelanga | elingathokozelanga | lingathokozelanga |
| class 6 | athokozelile, athokozelē | athokozelile, athokozelē | ethokozelile, ethokozelē | awathokozelanga | angathokozelanga | engathokozelanga |
| class 7 | sithokozelile, sithokozelē | esithokozelile, esithokozelē | sithokozelile, sithokozelē | asithokozelanga | esingathokozelanga | singathokozelanga |
| class 8 | zithokozelile, zithokozelē | ezithokozelile, ezithokozelē | zithokozelile, zithokozelē | azithokozelanga | ezingathokozelanga | zingathokozelanga |
| class 9 | ithokozelile, ithokozelē | ethokozelile, ethokozelē | ithokozelile, ithokozelē | ayithokozelanga | engathokozelanga | ingathokozelanga |
| class 10 | zithokozelile, zithokozelē | ezithokozelile, ezithokozelē | zithokozelile, zithokozelē | azithokozelanga | ezingathokozelanga | zingathokozelanga |
| class 11 | luthokozelile, luthokozelē | oluthokozelile, oluthokozelē | luthokozelile, luthokozelē | aluthokozelanga | olungathokozelanga | lungathokozelanga |
| class 14 | buthokozelile, buthokozelē | obuthokozelile, obuthokozelē | buthokozelile, buthokozelē | abuthokozelanga | obungathokozelanga | bungathokozelanga |
| class 15 | kuthokozelile, kuthokozelē | okuthokozelile, okuthokozelē | kuthokozelile, kuthokozelē | akuthokozelanga | okungathokozelanga | kungathokozelanga |
| class 17 | kuthokozelile, kuthokozelē | okuthokozelile, okuthokozelē | kuthokozelile, kuthokozelē | akuthokozelanga | okungathokozelanga | kungathokozelanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāthokozela | engāthokozela | ngāthokozela | angithokozelanga | engingathokozelanga | ngingathokozelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāthokozela | owāthokozela | wāthokozela | awuthokozelanga | ongathokozelanga | ungathokozelanga |
| 1st plural | sāthokozela | esāthokozela | sāthokozela | asithokozelanga | esingathokozelanga | singathokozelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāthokozela | enāthokozela | nāthokozela | anithokozelanga | eningathokozelanga | ningathokozelanga |
| class 1 | wāthokozela | owāthokozela | āthokozela | akathokozelanga | ongathokozelanga | engathokozelanga |
| class 2 | bāthokozela | abāthokozela | bāthokozela | abathokozelanga | abangathokozelanga | bengathokozelanga |
| class 3 | wāthokozela | owāthokozela | wāthokozela | awuthokozelanga | ongathokozelanga | ungathokozelanga |
| class 4 | yāthokozela | eyāthokozela | yāthokozela | ayithokozelanga | engathokozelanga | ingathokozelanga |
| class 5 | lāthokozela | elāthokozela | lāthokozela | alithokozelanga | elingathokozelanga | lingathokozelanga |
| class 6 | āthokozela | āthokozela | āthokozela | awathokozelanga | angathokozelanga | engathokozelanga |
| class 7 | sāthokozela | esāthokozela | sāthokozela | asithokozelanga | esingathokozelanga | singathokozelanga |
| class 8 | zāthokozela | ezāthokozela | zāthokozela | azithokozelanga | ezingathokozelanga | zingathokozelanga |
| class 9 | yāthokozela | eyāthokozela | yāthokozela | ayithokozelanga | engathokozelanga | ingathokozelanga |
| class 10 | zāthokozela | ezāthokozela | zāthokozela | azithokozelanga | ezingathokozelanga | zingathokozelanga |
| class 11 | lwāthokozela | olwāthokozela | lwāthokozela | aluthokozelanga | olungathokozelanga | lungathokozelanga |
| class 14 | bāthokozela | obāthokozela | bāthokozela | abuthokozelanga | obungathokozelanga | bungathokozelanga |
| class 15 | kwāthokozela | okwāthokozela | kwāthokozela | akuthokozelanga | okungathokozelanga | kungathokozelanga |
| class 17 | kwāthokozela | okwāthokozela | kwāthokozela | akuthokozelanga | okungathokozelanga | kungathokozelanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingathokozela | — | ngingathokozela | ngingethokozele | — | ngingethokozele |
| 2nd singular | ungathokozela | — | ungathokozela | ungethokozele | — | ungethokozele |
| 1st plural | singathokozela | — | singathokozela | singethokozele | — | singethokozele |
| 2nd plural | ningathokozela | — | ningathokozela | ningethokozele | — | ningethokozele |
| class 1 | angathokozela | — | engathokozela | angethokozele | — | engethokozele |
| class 2 | bangathokozela | — | bengathokozela | bangethokozele | — | bengethokozele |
| class 3 | ungathokozela | — | ungathokozela | ungethokozele | — | ungethokozele |
| class 4 | ingathokozela | — | ingathokozela | ingethokozele | — | ingethokozele |
| class 5 | lingathokozela | — | lingathokozela | lingethokozele | — | lingethokozele |
| class 6 | angathokozela | — | engathokozela | angethokozele | — | engethokozele |
| class 7 | singathokozela | — | singathokozela | singethokozele | — | singethokozele |
| class 8 | zingathokozela | — | zingathokozela | zingethokozele | — | zingethokozele |
| class 9 | ingathokozela | — | ingathokozela | ingethokozele | — | ingethokozele |
| class 10 | zingathokozela | — | zingathokozela | zingethokozele | — | zingethokozele |
| class 11 | lungathokozela | — | lungathokozela | lungethokozele | — | lungethokozele |
| class 14 | bungathokozela | — | bungathokozela | bungethokozele | — | bungethokozele |
| class 15 | kungathokozela | — | kungathokozela | kungethokozele | — | kungethokozele |
| class 17 | kungathokozela | — | kungathokozela | kungethokozele | — | kungethokozele |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizothokozela | engizothokozela | ngizothokozela | angizuthokozela | engingezuthokozela | ngingezuthokozela |
| 2nd singular | uzothokozela | ozothokozela | uzothokozela | awuzuthokozela | ongezuthokozela | ungezuthokozela |
| 1st plural | sizothokozela | esizothokozela | sizothokozela | asizuthokozela | esingezuthokozela | singezuthokozela |
| 2nd plural | nizothokozela | enizothokozela | nizothokozela | anizuthokozela | eningezuthokozela | ningezuthokozela |
| class 1 | uzothokozela | ozothokozela | ezothokozela | akazuthokozela | ongezuthokozela | engezuthokozela |
| class 2 | bazothokozela | abazothokozela | bezothokozela | abazuthokozela | abangezuthokozela | bengezuthokozela |
| class 3 | uzothokozela | ozothokozela | uzothokozela | awuzuthokozela | ongezuthokozela | ungezuthokozela |
| class 4 | izothokozela | ezothokozela | izothokozela | ayizuthokozela | engezuthokozela | ingezuthokozela |
| class 5 | lizothokozela | elizothokozela | lizothokozela | alizuthokozela | elingezuthokozela | lingezuthokozela |
| class 6 | azothokozela | azothokozela | ezothokozela | awazuthokozela | angezuthokozela | engezuthokozela |
| class 7 | sizothokozela | esizothokozela | sizothokozela | asizuthokozela | esingezuthokozela | singezuthokozela |
| class 8 | zizothokozela | ezizothokozela | zizothokozela | azizuthokozela | ezingezuthokozela | zingezuthokozela |
| class 9 | izothokozela | ezothokozela | izothokozela | ayizuthokozela | engezuthokozela | ingezuthokozela |
| class 10 | zizothokozela | ezizothokozela | zizothokozela | azizuthokozela | ezingezuthokozela | zingezuthokozela |
| class 11 | luzothokozela | oluzothokozela | luzothokozela | aluzuthokozela | olungezuthokozela | lungezuthokozela |
| class 14 | buzothokozela | obuzothokozela | buzothokozela | abuzuthokozela | obungezuthokozela | bungezuthokozela |
| class 15 | kuzothokozela | okuzothokozela | kuzothokozela | akuzuthokozela | okungezuthokozela | kungezuthokozela |
| class 17 | kuzothokozela | okuzothokozela | kuzothokozela | akuzuthokozela | okungezuthokozela | kungezuthokozela |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyothokozela | engiyothokozela | ngiyothokozela | angiyuthokozela | engingeyuthokozela | ngingeyuthokozela |
| 2nd singular | uyothokozela | oyothokozela | uyothokozela | awuyuthokozela | ongeyuthokozela | ungeyuthokozela |
| 1st plural | siyothokozela | esiyothokozela | siyothokozela | asiyuthokozela | esingeyuthokozela | singeyuthokozela |
| 2nd plural | niyothokozela | eniyothokozela | niyothokozela | aniyuthokozela | eningeyuthokozela | ningeyuthokozela |
| class 1 | uyothokozela | oyothokozela | eyothokozela | akayuthokozela | ongeyuthokozela | engeyuthokozela |
| class 2 | bayothokozela | abayothokozela | beyothokozela | abayuthokozela | abangeyuthokozela | bengeyuthokozela |
| class 3 | uyothokozela | oyothokozela | uyothokozela | awuyuthokozela | ongeyuthokozela | ungeyuthokozela |
| class 4 | iyothokozela | eyothokozela | iyothokozela | ayiyuthokozela | engeyuthokozela | ingeyuthokozela |
| class 5 | liyothokozela | eliyothokozela | liyothokozela | aliyuthokozela | elingeyuthokozela | lingeyuthokozela |
| class 6 | ayothokozela | ayothokozela | eyothokozela | awayuthokozela | angeyuthokozela | engeyuthokozela |
| class 7 | siyothokozela | esiyothokozela | siyothokozela | asiyuthokozela | esingeyuthokozela | singeyuthokozela |
| class 8 | ziyothokozela | eziyothokozela | ziyothokozela | aziyuthokozela | ezingeyuthokozela | zingeyuthokozela |
| class 9 | iyothokozela | eyothokozela | iyothokozela | ayiyuthokozela | engeyuthokozela | ingeyuthokozela |
| class 10 | ziyothokozela | eziyothokozela | ziyothokozela | aziyuthokozela | ezingeyuthokozela | zingeyuthokozela |
| class 11 | luyothokozela | oluyothokozela | luyothokozela | aluyuthokozela | olungeyuthokozela | lungeyuthokozela |
| class 14 | buyothokozela | obuyothokozela | buyothokozela | abuyuthokozela | obungeyuthokozela | bungeyuthokozela |
| class 15 | kuyothokozela | okuyothokozela | kuyothokozela | akuyuthokozela | okungeyuthokozela | kungeyuthokozela |
| class 17 | kuyothokozela | okuyothokozela | kuyothokozela | akuyuthokozela | okungeyuthokozela | kungeyuthokozela |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngithokozele | ngingathokozeli | ||||
| 2nd singular | uthokozele | ungathokozeli | ||||
| 1st plural | sithokozele | singathokozeli | ||||
| 2nd plural | nithokozele | ningathokozeli | ||||
| class 1 | athokozele | angathokozeli | ||||
| class 2 | bathokozele | bangathokozeli | ||||
| class 3 | uthokozele | ungathokozeli | ||||
| class 4 | ithokozele | ingathokozeli | ||||
| class 5 | lithokozele | lingathokozeli | ||||
| class 6 | athokozele | angathokozeli | ||||
| class 7 | sithokozele | singathokozeli | ||||
| class 8 | zithokozele | zingathokozeli | ||||
| class 9 | ithokozele | ingathokozeli | ||||
| class 10 | zithokozele | zingathokozeli | ||||
| class 11 | luthokozele | lungathokozeli | ||||
| class 14 | buthokozele | bungathokozeli | ||||
| class 15 | kuthokozele | kungathokozeli | ||||
| class 17 | kuthokozele | kungathokozeli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngathokozela | ngangathokozela, angathokozela, angangathokozela | ||||
| 2nd singular | wathokozela | wangathokozela, awathokozela, awangathokozela | ||||
| 1st plural | sathokozela | sangathokozela, asathokozela, asangathokozela | ||||
| 2nd plural | nathokozela | nangathokozela, anathokozela, anangathokozela | ||||
| class 1 | wathokozela | wangathokozela, akathokozela, akangathokozela | ||||
| class 2 | bathokozela | bangathokozela, abathokozela, abangathokozela | ||||
| class 3 | wathokozela | wangathokozela, awathokozela, awangathokozela | ||||
| class 4 | yathokozela | yangathokozela, ayathokozela, ayangathokozela | ||||
| class 5 | lathokozela | langathokozela, alathokozela, alangathokozela | ||||
| class 6 | athokozela | angathokozela, awathokozela, awangathokozela | ||||
| class 7 | sathokozela | sangathokozela, asathokozela, asangathokozela | ||||
| class 8 | zathokozela | zangathokozela, azathokozela, azangathokozela | ||||
| class 9 | yathokozela | yangathokozela, ayathokozela, ayangathokozela | ||||
| class 10 | zathokozela | zangathokozela, azathokozela, azangathokozela | ||||
| class 11 | lwathokozela | lwangathokozela, alwathokozela, alwangathokozela | ||||
| class 14 | bathokozela | bangathokozela, abathokozela, abangathokozela | ||||
| class 15 | kwathokozela | kwangathokozela, akwathokozela, akwangathokozela | ||||
| class 17 | kwathokozela | kwangathokozela, akwathokozela, akwangathokozela | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “thokozela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “thokozela (3.3.2.9)”