timbul
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈtimbul/ [ˈt̪im.bʊl]
- Rhymes: -imbul
- Syllabification: tim‧bul
Etymology 1
Inherited from Malay تيمبول (timbul), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timbul. Compare Tagalog timbol.
Verb
timbul
- to emerge
- to (float to the) surface
- to come, to spring up
- to appear,
- to rise,
- to arise,
- to occur,
- to break out,
- to go through
Derived terms
- ditimbul
- ditimbulkan
- menimbul
- menimbulkan
- penimbulan
- timbulan
- timbul bercak
- timbul tenggelam
- timbulan sampah
Etymology 2
Learned borrowing from Old Javanese timbul (“invulnerable”).
Noun
timbul (plural timbul-timbul)
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Balinese ᬢᬶᬫ᭄ᬩᬸᬮ᭄ (timbul).
Noun
timbul (plural timbul-timbul)
Further reading
- “timbul” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timbul. Compare Tagalog timbol.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /timbul/
- Rhymes: -bul, -ul
- (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [ˈt̪im.bʊl, -bol, -bo̞l]
Verb
timbul (Jawi spelling تيمبول)
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- penimbulan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- timbulan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- timbulkan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
- menimbul [agent focus] (meN-)
- menimbulkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- ditimbulkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- bertimbulan [stative / habitual + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (beR- + -an)
Descendants
- Indonesian: timbul
Further reading
- “timbul” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.