togh

See also: togh-

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish togaid, from Old Irish do·goa, from Proto-Celtic *to-guseti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-. Compare Scottish Gaelic tagh and Manx teiy.

Pronunciation

  • (Cork) IPA(key): /t̪ˠɔu̯/, /t̪ˠɔvʲ/ (as if spelled toibh)[1]
  • (Ulster) IPA(key): /t̪ˠeː/, (older) /t̪ˠɤː/[2]

Verb

togh (present analytic toghann, future analytic toghfaidh, verbal noun toghadh, past participle tofa)

  1. choose, select
  2. elect
  3. sort, gather

Conjugation

conjugation of togh (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun toghadh
past participle tofa
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present toghaim toghann tú;
toghair† 		toghann sé, sí toghaimid toghann sibh toghann siad;
toghaid† 		a thoghann; a thoghas /
a dtoghann* 		toghtar
past thogh mé; thoghas thogh tú; thoghais thogh sé, sí thoghamar; thogh muid thogh sibh; thoghabhair thogh siad; thoghadar a thogh /
ar thogh* 		toghadh
past habitual thoghainn / dtoghainn‡‡ thoghtá / dtoghtᇇ thoghadh sé, sí / dtoghadh sé, s퇇 thoghaimis; thoghadh muid / dtoghaimis‡‡; dtoghadh muid‡‡ thoghadh sibh / dtoghadh sibh‡‡ thoghaidís; thoghadh siad / dtoghaidís‡‡; dtoghadh siad‡‡ a thoghadh /
a dtoghadh* 		thoghtaí / dtoghta퇇
future toghfaidh mé;
toghfad 		toghfaidh tú;
toghfair† 		toghfaidh sé, sí toghfaimid;
toghfaidh muid 		toghfaidh sibh toghfaidh siad;
toghfaid† 		a thoghfaidh; a thoghfas /
a dtoghfaidh* 		toghfar
conditional thoghfainn / dtoghfainn‡‡ thoghfá / dtoghfᇇ thoghfadh sé, sí / dtoghfadh sé, s퇇 thoghfaimis; thoghfadh muid / dtoghfaimis‡‡; dtoghfadh muid‡‡ thoghfadh sibh / dtoghfadh sibh‡‡ thoghfaidís; thoghfadh siad / dtoghfaidís‡‡; dtoghfadh siad‡‡ a thoghfadh /
a dtoghfadh* 		thoghfaí / dtoghfa퇇
subjunctive
present go dtogha mé;
go dtoghad† 		go dtogha tú;
go dtoghair† 		go dtogha sé, sí go dtoghaimid;
go dtogha muid 		go dtogha sibh go dtogha siad;
go dtoghaid† 		— go dtoghtar
past dá dtoghainn dá dtoghtá dá dtoghadh sé, sí dá dtoghaimis;
dá dtoghadh muid 		dá dtoghadh sibh dá dtoghaidís;
dá dtoghadh siad 		— dá dtoghtaí
imperative
– toghaim togh toghadh sé, sí toghaimis toghaigí;
toghaidh† 		toghaidís — toghtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

  • togha m (“pick, choice”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of togh
radical lenition eclipsis
togh thogh dtogh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Ó Cuív, Brian (1968) The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 355, page 112; reprinted 1988
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 31

Further reading

Middle English

Noun

togh

  1. alternative form of tow
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