tundra
See also: Tundra
English
WOTD – 24 December 2006
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯндрэ (tūndre), the accusative and genitive form of тӯндар (tūndar).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʌndɹə/
Audio (US): (file) Audio (General Australian): (file)
Noun
tundra (countable and uncountable, plural tundras)
Derived terms
Translations
flat treeless arctic region
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Further reading
Anagrams
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtundra]
- Hyphenation: tun‧d‧ra
Noun
tundra f
- tundra (flat and treeless arctic biome)
Declension
Further reading
- “tundra”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “tundra”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Faroese
Etymology
From Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯннтрэ (tūnntre), the accusative/genitive form of тӯнтар (tūntar).
Noun
tundra f (genitive singular tundru, uncountable)
Declension
| f1 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | tundra | tundran | tundrur | tundrurnar |
| accusative | tundru | tundruna | tundrur | tundrurnar |
| dative | tundru | tundruni | tundrum | tundrunum |
| genitive | tundru | tundrunnar | tundra | tundranna |
Finnish
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯннтрэ (tūnntre), the accusative/genitive form of тӯнтар (tūntar). Doublet of tanner, tantere, and tunturi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtundrɑ/, [ˈt̪un.drɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -undrɑ
- Syllabification(key): tund‧ra
- Hyphenation(key): tund‧ra
Noun
tundra
- tundra (flat and treeless arctic biome)
Declension
| Inflection of tundra (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | tundra | tundrat | |
| genitive | tundran | tundrien | |
| partitive | tundraa | tundria | |
| illative | tundraan | tundriin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | tundra | tundrat | |
| accusative | nom. | tundra | tundrat |
| gen. | tundran | ||
| genitive | tundran | tundrien tundrain rare | |
| partitive | tundraa | tundria | |
| inessive | tundrassa | tundrissa | |
| elative | tundrasta | tundrista | |
| illative | tundraan | tundriin | |
| adessive | tundralla | tundrilla | |
| ablative | tundralta | tundrilta | |
| allative | tundralle | tundrille | |
| essive | tundrana | tundrina | |
| translative | tundraksi | tundriksi | |
| abessive | tundratta | tundritta | |
| instructive | — | tundrin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of tundra (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
Further reading
- “tundra”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023
Galician
Noun
tundra f (plural tundras)
Ingrian
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian тундра (tundra).
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈtundrɑ/, [ˈtundr]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈtundrɑ/, [ˈtund̥rɑ]
- Rhymes: -undr, -undrɑ
- Hyphenation: tund‧ra
Noun
tundra
- (geography) tundra
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by P. I. Maksimov and N. A. Iljin, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun neljättä klaassaa vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 28:
- Kuin sovetin valta uuvvistaa tundran väen elon.
- How the Soviet rule is renewing the life of the tundra people.
Declension
| Declension of tundra (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | tundra | tundrat |
| genitive | tundran | tundriin |
| partitive | tundraa | tundria |
| illative | tundraa | tundrii |
| inessive | tundraas | tundriis |
| elative | tundrast | tundrist |
| allative | tundralle | tundrille |
| adessive | tundraal | tundriil |
| ablative | tundralt | tundrilt |
| translative | tundraks | tundriks |
| essive | tundranna, tundraan | tundrinna, tundriin |
| exessive1) | tundrant | tundrint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
Irish
Etymology
From Russian, from Kildin Sami.
Noun
tundra m (genitive singular tundra, nominative plural tundraí)
Declension
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Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| tundra | thundra | dtundra |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tundra”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- “tundra”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “tundra”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
Italian
Etymology
From Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯннтрэ (tūnntre), the accusative/genitive form of тӯнтар (tūntar).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtun.dra/
- Rhymes: -undra
- Hyphenation: tùn‧dra
Noun
tundra f (plural tundre)
Latvian
Etymology
Ultimately from Russian ту́ндра (túndra).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtundɾa]
- Hyphenation: tun‧dra
Noun
tundra f (4th declension)
- tundra (a natural zone that has developed in the arctic and subarctic zones and is characterised by low average temperatures, high humidity and short growing seasons)
- 2024 December 20, Claudi Casals, kas ir tundra[2]:
- Varbūt jūs kādreiz esat dzirdējuši par to, ko sauc par "tundru", gan filmā, gan seriālā, gan dokumentālajā filmā. Bet kas ir tundra?
- You may have heard of what is called "the tundra" in a film, TV series or documentary. But what is the tundra?
- tundra (the geographical area in the arctic and subarctic zone between the arctic deserts and the forest tundra)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | tundra | tundras |
| genitive | tundras | tundru |
| dative | tundrai | tundrām |
| accusative | tundru | tundras |
| instrumental | tundru | tundrām |
| locative | tundrā | tundrās |
| vocative | tundra | tundras |
Derived terms
nouns
- mežatundra f
References
- “tundra” in Latviešu literārās valodas vārdnīca
- “tundra” in Mūsdienu latviešu valodas vārdnīca
- tundra at tezaurs.lv
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯннтрэ (tūnntre), the accusative/genitive form of тӯнтар (tūntar).
Noun
tundra m (definite singular tundraen, indefinite plural tundraer, definite plural tundraene)
References
- “tundra” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯннтрэ (tūnntre), the accusative/genitive form of тӯнтар (tūntar).
Noun
tundra m (definite singular tundraen, indefinite plural tundraer or trundraar, definite plural tundraene or tundraane)
References
- “tundra” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ту́ндра (túndra).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtun.dra/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -undra
- Syllabification: tun‧dra
Noun
tundra f (related adjective tundrowy)
- tundra (flat and treeless Arctic biome)
Declension
Declension of tundra
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | tundra | tundry |
| genitive | tundry | tundr |
| dative | tundrze | tundrom |
| accusative | tundrę | tundry |
| instrumental | tundrą | tundrami |
| locative | tundrze | tundrach |
| vocative | tundro | tundry |
Further reading
- tundra in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- tundra in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from French toundra, from Russian ту́ндра (túndra).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtũ.dɾɐ/
- Hyphenation: tun‧dra
Noun
tundra f (plural tundras)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Russian ту́ндра (túndra).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tûːndra/
- Hyphenation: tun‧dra
Noun
tȗndra f (Cyrillic spelling ту̑ндра)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | tȗndra | tundre |
| genitive | tundre | tȗndrā/tȗndrī |
| dative | tundri | tundrama |
| accusative | tundru | tundre |
| vocative | tundro | tundre |
| locative | tundri | tundrama |
| instrumental | tundrom | tundrama |
References
- “tundra”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtundɾa/ [ˈt̪ũn̪.d̪ɾa]
- Rhymes: -undɾa
- Syllabification: tun‧dra
Noun
tundra f (plural tundras)
Further reading
- “tundra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024
Swedish
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ту́ндра (túndra), from Kildin Sami тӯннтрэ (tūnntre), the accusative/genitive form of тӯнтар (tūntar).
Noun
tundra c
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | tundra | tundras |
| definite | tundran | tundrans | |
| plural | indefinite | tundror | tundrors |
| definite | tundrorna | tundrornas |
References
- tundra in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- tundra in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- tundra in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish توندره, from English tundra.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tundɾa/
Noun
tundra (definite accusative tundrayı, plural tundralar)
Declension
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References
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tundra”, in Nişanyan Sözlük