tympan

From Medieval Latin tympanum.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɪmpən/

tympan (plural tympans)

1. (printing) A piece of cloth padding placed under the platen of a letterpress to distribute the pressure on the sheet being printed.
   • 2000, Richard L. Saunders, Printing in Deseret:

     As the pressman returns the inkballs to the inkstone, the journeyman closes the frisket and tympan.

2. (music) The stretched membrane of a drum.
3. (music) A percussion instrument consisting of a hollow cylinder with such a membrane at each end.
4. (architecture) A tympanum.
5. The tympanum of the ear.
   • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:

     But soon I grew used to these sounds, and then I understood as well as ever, that is to say fully one half of what won its way past my tympan.

Borrowed from Latin tympanum. Doublet of timbre, which was inherited.

• IPA^(key): /tɛ̃.pɑ̃/

tympan m (plural tympans)

1. (anatomy) eardrum
2. (anatomy) middle ear
3. (architecture) tympanum
4. (historical) treadwheel, treadmill
5. (by extension) hydraulic wheel
6. (dated or literary, music) various percussion instruments, such as gongs, tympans, tambourines, etc.
7. (printing) tympan

• tympanique

• “tympan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.