văn minh

See also: Văn Minh

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 文明, composed of 文 (“literature”) and 明 (“bright”), Japanese 文明 (bunmei), Literary Chinese 文明 (wénmíng, “brilliant; glorious”).

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [van˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [vaŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [vaŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧] ~ [jaŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

Adjective

văn minh

  1. civilized
    xã hội công bằng, dân chủ, văn minh ― a fair, democratic, civilized society

Noun

(classifier nền) văn minh

  1. civilization (organized culture)
    văn minh nhân loại ― human civilization
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