vergo
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from French verge, from Latin virga.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈverɡo/
- Rhymes: -erɡo
- Hyphenation: ver‧go
Noun
vergo (accusative singular vergon, plural vergoj, accusative plural vergojn)
Derived terms
Italian
Verb
vergo
- first-person singular present indicative of vergare
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *wergō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wérg-e-ti, from *h₂werg- (“to turn”). Compare Hittite [script needed] (ḫurki-, “wheel”), Ancient Greek ἐέργω (eérgō, “to stop, scare away”), Ancient Greek εἶρξαι (eîrxai, “to hold off”), Sanskrit वृणक्ति (vṛṇakti, “to turn around, ward off”), Sanskrit वर्क् (vark, “to turn, rotate”), Sanskrit वरीवृजत्- (varīvṛjat-, “bending again and again”, ptcp.), Sanskrit प्र वावृजे (pra vāvṛje, “is turned towards”), and Tocharian A wärkṣantāñ (“rotating”, ptcp.).[1] According to de Vaan, Latin vermina is from the same root.[2]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈwɛr.ɡoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈvɛr.ɡo]
Verb
vergō (present infinitive vergere, perfect active versī); third conjugation, no supine stem
- (transitive) to bend, turn, incline
- (intransitive) to bend, turn, verge, slope down
- (intransitive) to be situated, lie
Conjugation
indicative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
active | present | vergō | vergis | vergit | vergimus | vergitis | vergunt | ||||||
imperfect | vergēbam | vergēbās | vergēbat | vergēbāmus | vergēbātis | vergēbant | |||||||
future | vergam | vergēs | verget | vergēmus | vergētis | vergent | |||||||
perfect | versī | versistī | versit | versimus | versistis | versērunt, versēre | |||||||
pluperfect | verseram | verserās | verserat | verserāmus | verserātis | verserant | |||||||
future perfect | verserō | verseris | verserit | verserimus | verseritis | verserint | |||||||
passive | present | vergor | vergeris, vergere |
vergitur | vergimur | vergiminī | verguntur | ||||||
imperfect | vergēbar | vergēbāris, vergēbāre |
vergēbātur | vergēbāmur | vergēbāminī | vergēbantur | |||||||
future | vergar | vergēris, vergēre |
vergētur | vergēmur | vergēminī | vergentur | |||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
active | present | vergam | vergās | vergat | vergāmus | vergātis | vergant | ||||||
imperfect | vergerem | vergerēs | vergeret | vergerēmus | vergerētis | vergerent | |||||||
perfect | verserim | verserīs | verserit | verserīmus | verserītis | verserint | |||||||
pluperfect | versissem | versissēs | versisset | versissēmus | versissētis | versissent | |||||||
passive | present | vergar | vergāris, vergāre |
vergātur | vergāmur | vergāminī | vergantur | ||||||
imperfect | vergerer | vergerēris, vergerēre |
vergerētur | vergerēmur | vergerēminī | vergerentur | |||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
active | present | — | verge | — | — | vergite | — | ||||||
future | — | vergitō | vergitō | — | vergitōte | verguntō | |||||||
passive | present | — | vergere | — | — | vergiminī | — | ||||||
future | — | vergitor | vergitor | — | — | verguntor | |||||||
non-finite forms | infinitive | participle | |||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||
present | vergere | vergī | vergēns | — | |||||||||
future | — | — | — | vergendus, vergundus | |||||||||
perfect | versisse | — | — | — | |||||||||
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||||||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||||||||
vergendī | vergendō | vergendum | vergendō | — | — |
Derived terms
References
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂u̯erg-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 290
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vergō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 665
- “vergo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “vergo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "vergo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- vergo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to lie to the east, west, south, north: spectare in (vergere ad) orientem (solem), occidentem (solem), ad meridiem, in septentriones
- eastern, western Germany: Germania quae or Germaniae ea pars quae, ad orientem, occidentem vergit
- to lie to the east, west, south, north: spectare in (vergere ad) orientem (solem), occidentem (solem), ad meridiem, in septentriones
Lithuanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈvʲæ̂ːr̺.ɡɔ]
Noun
vérgo
- genitive singular of vérgas (“slave”)
Portuguese
Verb
vergo
- first-person singular present indicative of vergar
Spanish
Etymology
Likely from verga.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeɾɡo/ [ˈbeɾ.ɣ̞o]
- Rhymes: -eɾɡo
- Syllabification: ver‧go
Noun
vergo m (plural vergos)
- (vulgar, colloquial, El Salvador, Guatemala) a shitload
Further reading
- “vergo”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010