virnua
Finnish
Etymology
virn- + -ua; per SSA, sound-symbolic[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋirnuɑˣ/, [ˈʋirnuɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -irnuɑ
- Syllabification(key): vir‧nu‧a
- Hyphenation(key): vir‧nua
Verb
virnua
- synonym of virnuilla
Conjugation
| Inflection of virnua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | virnun | en virnu | 1st sing. | olen virnunut | en ole virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | virnut | et virnu | 2nd sing. | olet virnunut | et ole virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | virnuu | ei virnu | 3rd sing. | on virnunut | ei ole virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | virnumme | emme virnu | 1st plur. | olemme virnuneet | emme ole virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | virnutte | ette virnu | 2nd plur. | olette virnuneet | ette ole virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | virnuvat | eivät virnu | 3rd plur. | ovat virnuneet | eivät ole virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | virnutaan | ei virnuta | passive | on virnuttu | ei ole virnuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | virnuin | en virnunut | 1st sing. | olin virnunut | en ollut virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | virnuit | et virnunut | 2nd sing. | olit virnunut | et ollut virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | virnui | ei virnunut | 3rd sing. | oli virnunut | ei ollut virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | virnuimme | emme virnuneet | 1st plur. | olimme virnuneet | emme olleet virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | virnuitte | ette virnuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte virnuneet | ette olleet virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | virnuivat | eivät virnuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat virnuneet | eivät olleet virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | virnuttiin | ei virnuttu | passive | oli virnuttu | ei ollut virnuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | virnuisin | en virnuisi | 1st sing. | olisin virnunut | en olisi virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | virnuisit | et virnuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit virnunut | et olisi virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | virnuisi | ei virnuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi virnunut | ei olisi virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | virnuisimme | emme virnuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme virnuneet | emme olisi virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | virnuisitte | ette virnuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte virnuneet | ette olisi virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | virnuisivat | eivät virnuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat virnuneet | eivät olisi virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | virnuttaisiin | ei virnuttaisi | passive | olisi virnuttu | ei olisi virnuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | virnu | älä virnu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | virnukoon | älköön virnuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon virnunut | älköön olko virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | virnukaamme | älkäämme virnuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | virnukaa | älkää virnuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | virnukoot | älkööt virnuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot virnuneet | älkööt olko virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | virnuttakoon | älköön virnuttako | passive | olkoon virnuttu | älköön olko virnuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | virnunen | en virnune | 1st sing. | lienen virnunut | en liene virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | virnunet | et virnune | 2nd sing. | lienet virnunut | et liene virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | virnunee | ei virnune | 3rd sing. | lienee virnunut | ei liene virnunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | virnunemme | emme virnune | 1st plur. | lienemme virnuneet | emme liene virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | virnunette | ette virnune | 2nd plur. | lienette virnuneet | ette liene virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | virnunevat | eivät virnune | 3rd plur. | lienevät virnuneet | eivät liene virnuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | virnuttaneen | ei virnuttane | passive | lienee virnuttu | ei liene virnuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | virnua | present | virnuva | virnuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | virnunut | virnuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | virnuessa | virnuttaessa | agent4 | virnuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | virnumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | virnuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | virnumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | virnumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | virnumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | virnumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | virnumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | virnuman | virnuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | virnuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN