virsti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wirt-, from the zero-grade *wr̥t- of the same Proto-Indo-European root *wert- as versti, vartyti.[1]

Cognate with Latvian virst, Old Prussian wirst (he becomes), Proto-Slavic *vьrtě̀ti (turn) > Russian вертеть (vertetʹ, turn), Serbo-Croatian vŕtjeti (turn).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈvʲɪr.sʲtʲɪ/

Verb

vir̃sti (third-person present tense vir̃sta, third-person past tense vir̃to)

  1. (intransitive) topple, fall over, overturn
  2. (intransitive, with ìš + genitive) burst out, emerge
  3. (intransitive, with į̃ + accusative) lie down
    vir̃sti į̇̃ lóvągo to bed
  4. (intransitive, with instrumental case or į̃ + accusative) become, turn into, change
    Vanduõ vir̃sta garai̇̃sWater turns to steam

Conjugation

Conjugation of virsti
singular vienaskaita plural daugiskaita
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative present virstù virsti̇̀ vir̃sta vir̃stame,
vir̃stam
vir̃state,
vir̃stat
vir̃sta
past virtaũ virtai̇̃ vir̃to vir̃tome,
vir̃tom
vir̃tote,
vir̃tot
vir̃to
past frequentative vir̃sdavau vir̃sdavai vir̃sdavo vir̃sdavome,
vir̃sdavom
vir̃sdavote,
vir̃sdavot
vir̃sdavo
future vir̃siu vir̃si vir̃s vir̃sime,
vir̃sim
vir̃site,
vir̃sit
vir̃s
subjunctive vir̃sčiau vir̃stum,
vir̃stumei
vir̃stų vir̃stumėme,
vir̃stumėm,
vir̃stume
vir̃stumėte,
vir̃stumėt
vir̃stų
imperative vir̃sk,
vir̃ski
tevir̃sta,
tevir̃stie
vir̃skime,
vir̃skim
vir̃skite,
vir̃skit
tevir̃sta,
tevir̃stie
Participles of virsti
adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present vir̃stąs, vir̃stantis vir̃stamas
past vir̃tęs vir̃stas
past frequentative vir̃sdavęs
future vir̃siąs, vir̃siantis vir̃simas
participle of necessity vir̃stinas
adverbial
special pusdalyvis vir̃sdamas
half-participle present vir̃stant
past vir̃tus
past frequentative vir̃sdavus
future vir̃siant
manner of action būdinys vir̃ste, vir̃stinai

Derived terms

prefixed forms of virsti
  • apvirsti
  • atvirsti
  • išvirsti
  • įvirsti
  • nuvirsti
  • parvirsti
  • pavirsti
  • pervirsti
  • privirsti
  • suvirsti
  • užvirsti

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “virsti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 506