ytá

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

Historical spellings
Anchieta (1555)	jtâ
d'Abbeville (1614)	euta
Araújo (1618)	îta
VLB (1622)	itâ / igtâ

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɨˈta]
Rhymes: -a
Hyphenation: y‧tá

Etymology 1

Adjective

ytá (noun form ytá)

structural, fundamental, cardinal
- 1618, Antônio de Araújo, “Do ſinal da Sancta Cruz, & mais oraçoens” (chapter I), in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], 1 edition, Livro Primeiro da Doctrina Christam (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 19v:
  Quatro teco cátù îta.
  [Quatro tekokatuytá.]
  The four cardinal virtues.

Declension

Declension of ytá (oral vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deadjectivals
Causative	moytá
-ba'e	i ytaba'e
-sab(a)	ytasaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe ytá	nde ytá	i ytá	oré ytá	îandé ytá	pe ytá
Imperative		nde ytá				pe ytá
Permissive	ta xe ytá	ta nde ytá	t'i ytá	t'oré ytá	t'îandé ytá	ta pe ytá
Negative indicative	na xe ytáî	na nde ytáî	n'i ytáî	n'oré ytáî	n'îandé ytáî	na pe ytáî
Negative imperative		nde ytá umẽ				pe ytá umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe ytá umẽ	ta nde ytá umẽ	t'i ytá umẽ	t'oré ytá umẽ	t'îandé ytá umẽ	ta pe ytá umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe ytáramo	nde ytáramo	o ytáramo	oré ytáramo	îandé ytáramo	pe ytáramo
Negative	xe ytae'ymamo	nde ytae'ymamo	o ytae'ymamo	oré ytae'ymamo	îandé ytae'ymamo	pe ytae'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	ytá
Negative	ytae'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund¹
Affirmative	xe ytáû²		i ytáû²	oré ytáû²	îandé ytáû²
Negative	same as gerund¹
Negative	xe ytae'ymi²		i ytae'ymi²	oré ytae'ymi²	îandé ytae'ymi²
¹South Tupi ²North Tupi

Noun

ytá (possessable)

post, foundation, frame (main components that support a machine or any structure)^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
Near-synonym: kanga
- 1555, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter IIII, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published 1595, page 9:
  ócitâ
  [okytá]
  house post, foundation
- 1622, anonymous author, “Leito, pela armação somente”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 20; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
  Ynimbebigtâ
  [Inimbebytá]
  Bed frame

Derived terms

okytá
Îuraytaûasu

Etymology 2

Noun

ytá (possessable)

(Late Tupi) loom (weaving frame)^[5]
Synonym: (LGA) pana monhangaba
- 1622, anonymous author, “Tear”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 125; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
  Aobigtâ
  [Aobytá]
  Clothing loom
- 1622, anonymous author, “Tear”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 125; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
  Inĩitâ
  [Inĩytá]
  Hammock loom'

References

^ Joseph of Anchieta (1555) chapter IIII, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published 1595, page 9: “jtâ”
^ Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XXXIV, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L'Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 188: “euta”
^ anonymous author (1622) “Armação pollas principaes peças em que se sostenta qualquer cousa ou machina”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 41: “Itâ”
^ anonymous author (1622) “Leito, pela armação somente”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 20: “Igtâ”
^ anonymous author (1622) “Tear”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 125: “Igtâ”

Further reading

Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “ytá”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 534, column 2