The Nathan Matthews's solution did not work for me but it is totally correct but there is little point to reaching a workaround:
The key point is: Type of defined parameters and toParamas of $state.go should be same array or object on both sides of state transition. 
For example when you define a params in a state as follows you means params is array because of using "[]":
$stateProvider
.state('home', {
    templateUrl: 'home',
    controller:  'homeController'
})
.state('view', {
    templateUrl: 'overview',
    params:      ['index', 'anotherKey'],
    controller:  'overviewController'
})
So also you should pass toParams as array like this:
params = { 'index': 123, 'anotherKey': 'This is a test' }
paramsArr = (val for key, val of params)
$state.go('view', paramsArr)
And you can access them via $stateParams as array like this:
app.controller('overviewController', function($scope, $stateParams) {
    var index = $stateParams[0];
    var anotherKey = $stateParams[1];
});
Better solution is using object instead of array in both sides:
$stateProvider
.state('home', {
    templateUrl: 'home',
    controller:  'homeController'
})
.state('view', {
    templateUrl: 'overview',
    params:      {'index': null, 'anotherKey': null},
    controller:  'overviewController'
})
I replaced [] with {} in params definition. For passing toParams to $state.go also you should using object instead of array:
$state.go('view', { 'index': 123, 'anotherKey': 'This is a test' })
then you can access them via $stateParams easily:
app.controller('overviewController', function($scope, $stateParams) {
    var index = $stateParams.index;
    var anotherKey = $stateParams.anotherKey;
});