You can define a function getDrawableWidth
private int getDrawableWidth(Resources resources, int id){
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, id);
    return bitmap.getWidth();
}
Then call it as below:
private final int w = getDrawableWidth(getResources(), R.drawable.element)
===Edit===
define a class to get global context(from here):
public class App extends Application{
    private static Context mContext;
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        mContext = this;
    }
    public static Context getContext(){
        return mContext;
    }
}
then change getDrawableWidth to another format:
private int getDrawableWidth(int id){
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(App.getContext().getResources(), id);
    return bitmap.getWidth();
}
use it any where:
private final int w = getDrawableWidth(R.drawable.element)