If you rename a Powerpoint 2010 .pptx file into a .zip file, you can open it via Winzip, 7zip etc.
The slide contents are written in XML files named "...\ppt\slides\slide2.xml" in this packed archive structure.
A snippet from a German .pptx file:
-<a:p>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" err="1" dirty="0"/>
<a:t>A text to change ....</a:t>
</a:r>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" dirty="0"/>
<a:t> </a:t>
</a:r>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" err="1" dirty="0"/>
<a:t>another Text to change</a:t>
</a:r>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" dirty="0"/>
<a:t> </a:t>
</a:r>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" err="1" dirty="0"/>
<a:t>Text ...</a:t>
</a:r>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" dirty="0"/>
<a:t> </a:t>
</a:r>
-<a:r>
<a:rPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" err="1" dirty="0"/>
<a:t>Text ...</a:t>
</a:r>
<a:endParaRPr lang="de-DE" smtClean="0" dirty="0"/>
</a:p>
So, it should be possible to prepare a .pptx template file and replace placeholder strings like ${Text1234} using a home-grown tool.