és
See also: Appendix:Variations of "es"
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): /es/
- (Also Balearic) IPA(key): /əs/
Audio: (file) - Homophone: es (Valencian)
Verb
és
Galician
Verb
és
- (reintegrationist norm) second-person singular present indicative of ser
Hungarian
Etymology
From e (“this”).
Doublet of is (“too, even, again”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈeːʃ]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -eːʃ
Conjunction
és
Derived terms
See also
- Category:Hungarian coordinated pairs
References
- Pusztai, Ferenc (ed.). Magyar értelmező kéziszótár (“A Concise Explanatory Dictionary of Hungarian”). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2003. 2nd, expanded and revised edition →ISBN. Online searchable version (under development)
Further reading
- és in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
- és in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Middle French
Etymology
Since Old French, contraction of en (“in”) + les (“the”).
Preposition
és
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ɸanssā, from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eːs/
Noun
és f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ésL | éisL | ésaH |
| vocative | ésL | éisL | ésaH |
| accusative | éisN | éisL | ésaH |
| genitive | éiseH | ésL | ésN |
| dative | éisL | ésaib | ésaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
- H = triggers aspiration
- L = triggers lenition
- N = triggers nasalization
In addition, the nominative singular also appears as (h)éis and the dative singular as éisi, suggesting a fluctuation between ā-stem and ī-stem declension.
Derived terms
Mutation
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| és (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
és | n-és |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 121
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 éis”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛ(j)s/ [ˈɛ(ɪ̯)s]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈɛ(j)ʃ/ [ˈɛ(ɪ̯)ʃ]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈɛʃ/
- Hyphenation: és
Audio (São Paulo): (file)
Verb
és
- second-person singular present indicative of ser
Noun
és m
- plural of é
Sundanese
Etymology
Noun
és (Sundanese script ᮆᮞ᮪)