íadaid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *eɸidāti, a prefixed derivative of *dāti (“to give”).[1][2] Both the prefix *eɸi- and the simplex verb *dāti fell out of use in Old Irish, leading to the compound verb being univerbated out of unfamiliarity.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈiːa̯ðɨðʲ]

Verb

íadaid (prototonic ·íada, verbal noun íadad)

  1. to close, shut
    Synonym: dúnaid
    Antonym: as·oilgi
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 32c13
      Is and didiu bieit a namait fo achossaib-som in tain n-eidfider carcar ifirnn for demnib et pecthachaib.
      Then, indeed, will His enemies be under His feet when the dungeon of Hell shall be shut over devils and sinners.
    • c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, published in The Táin Bó Cúailnge from the Yellow Book of Lecan, with variant readings from the Lebor na hUidre (1912, Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, and Co.), edited by John Strachan and James George O'Keeffe, TBC-YBL 393
      Íadais indala súil connarbo lethiu andás cró snáthaidi; as·oilg alaile comba mor béolu fid-chóich.
      He closed one eye so that it was no wider than the eye of a needle; he opened the other until it was as large as the mouth of a mead-goblet.
  2. to fasten

Inflection

Simple, class A I present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative abs.
conj. ·íada
rel.
imperfect indicative
preterite abs. íadais
conj. ·íad
rel.
perfect deut. ro·íad
prot.
future abs. íadfaitir
conj. ·íadfa ·éidfider
rel.
conditional
present subjunctive abs.
conj. ·íada
rel.
past subjunctive
imperative
verbal noun íadad
past participle íatta
verbal of necessity

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: íadaid

Mutation

Mutation of íadaid
radical lenition nasalization
íadaid
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)		 íadaid n-íadaid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*efirom”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 113-114
  2. ^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, §3.1.36, pages 191-192

Further reading

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