îepotar

Old Tupi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [jɛ.pɔˈtaɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Hyphenation: îe‧po‧tar

Verb

îepotar (first-person singular active indicative aîepotar, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîepotari, noun îepotara) (intransitive)

to arrive by water^[1]
- 16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter LXVIII, in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], page 168v, lines 85–86; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 315:
  Coromo ipo eregoata / xerecoape eyepotane
  [Koromõ ipó eregûatá / xe rekoápe eîepotáne]
  Soon, certainly, you'll pass by the place I live, arriving.
to stick; to adhere^[2]
Synonym: îar
to spread [with esé ‘on something’]^[3]
Synonym: îepotabẽ

Usage notes

Old Tupi had three distinct verbs that translated to arrive, depending on the route taken: gûasem or syk when arriving by land and îepotar when arriving by water. With the evolution of the language and further contact with Portuguese, syk took the role of gûasem in Língua Geral, and by the 19th century the land–water distinction no longer existed.

Conjugation

Conjugation of îepotar (intransitive, Î-starting, R-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deverbals
Causative	moîepotar
Causative-comitative	eroîepotar
-ba'e	oîepotaryba'e
-sab(a)	îepotasaba / îepotaraba
-sar(a)	îepotasara / îepotarara
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	aîepotar	ereîepotar	oîepotar	oroîepotar	îaîepotar	peîepotar
Permissive	t'aîepotar	t'ereîepotar	t'oîepotar	t'oroîepotar	t'îaîepotar	ta peîepotar
Imperative		eîepotar				peîepotar
Negative indicative	n'aîepotari	n'ereîepotari	n'oîepotari	n'oroîepotari	n'îaîepotari	na peîepotari
Negative permissive	t'aîepotar umẽ	t'ereîepotar umẽ	t'oîepotar umẽ	t'oroîepotar umẽ	t'îaîepotar umẽ	ta peîepotar umẽ
Negative imperative		eîepotar umẽ				peîepotar umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	gûiîepotá	eîepotá	oîepotá	oroîepotá	îaîepotá	peîepotá
Negative	gûiîepotare'yma	eîepotare'yma	oîepotare'yma	oroîepotare'yma	îaîepotare'yma	peîepotare'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	îepotara
Negative	îepotare'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe îepotari		i îepotari	oré îepotari	îandé îepotari
Negative	xe îepotare'ymi		i îepotare'ymi	oré îepotare'ymi	îandé îepotare'ymi

Derived terms

îepotasatyba

References

^ anonymous author (1622) “Chegar o que caminha por mar”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 72: “Aiepotar [Aîepotar]”
^ anonymous author (1622) “Soldar por si”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 120: “Ajepotar [Aîepotar]”
^ anonymous author (1622) “Apegar-se como o fogo ou doença”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 38: “Aiepotar (rece) [Aîepotar (resé)]”

Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “îepotar”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 176, column 2

[1] ymous author (1622) “Chegar o que caminha por mar”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 72: “Aiepotar [Aîepotar]”

[2] ymous author (1622) “Soldar por si”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 120: “Ajepotar [Aîepotar]”

[3] ymous author (1622) “Apegar-se como o fogo ou doença”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 38: “Aiepotar (rece) [Aîepotar (resé)]”

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