syk

Albanian

Alternative forms

  • sysk

Etymology

Derivative of sy.[1]

Adjective

syk

  1. black patches around the eyes (usually for animals such as sheep or rams)

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “stërqokë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 406

Middle English

Noun

syk

  1. alternative form of sych

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Danish syg, from Old Norse sjúkr, from Proto-Germanic *seukaz.

Adjective

syk (neuter singular sykt, definite singular and plural syke)

  1. sick, ill
  2. diseased

Derived terms

References

Old Tupi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡ʃɨk, from Proto-Tupian *t͡ʃɨk.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsɨk/
  • Rhymes: -ɨk
  • Hyphenation: syk

Verb

syk (first-person singular active indicative asyk, first-person singular negative active indicative n'asyki, noun syka) (intransitive)

  1. to arrive at; to reach [with -pe ‘somewhere’]
    Ka'ape asyk.
    I arrived at the forest.
  2. to reach; to approach [with esé or ri ‘someone’]
    Synonyms: erobyk, erosyk
  3. to arrive; to come [with esé ‘some time’]
  4. to attain; to equate; to reach [with esé or upi]
  5. to end; to finish
    Synonyms: moaûîé, mondyk, mombab, pab
  6. to complete
    Synonyms: mopor, moaûîé
  7. to elapse

Usage notes

  • Old Tupi had three distinct verbs that translated to arrive, depending on the route taken: gûasem or syk when arriving by land and îepotar when arriving by water. With the evolution of the language and further contact with Portuguese, syk took the role of gûasem in Língua Geral, and by the 19th century the land–water distinction no longer existed.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of syk (intransitive, S-starting, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative mondyk
Causative-comitative erosyk
Deverbals
-ba'e osykyba'e
-sab(a) sykaba
-sar(a) sykara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative asyk eresyk osyk orosyk îasyk pesyk
Permissive t'asyk t'eresyk t'osyk t'orosyk t'îasyk ta pesyk
Imperative esyk pesyk
Negative indicative n'asyki n'eresyki n'osyki n'orosyki n'îasyki na pesyki
Negative permissive t'asyk umẽ t'eresyk umẽ t'osyk umẽ t'orosyk umẽ t'îasyk umẽ ta pesyk umẽ
Negative imperative esyk umẽ pesyk umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûixyka esyka osyka orosyka îasyka pesyka
Negative gûixyke'yma esyke'yma osyke'yma orosyke'yma îasyke'yma pesyke'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative syka
Negative syke'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe syki i xyki oré syki îandé syki
Negative xe syke'ymi i xyke'ymi oré syke'ymi îandé syke'ymi

Descendants

  • Nheengatu: syka

Verb

syk (first-person singular active indicative aîosyk, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîosyki, noun syka) (transitive)

  1. to touch
    Synonyms: atõî, byk, pokok
  2. to rub
    Synonyms: kytyk, momemûã

Conjugation

    Conjugation of syk (transitive, monosyllabic, S-starting, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative sykukar
Causative-comitative erosyk
Reflexive îesyk
Deverbals
-ba'e oîosykyba'e
emi- emindyka / mindyka
-pyr(a) i xykypyra
-sab(a) sykaba
-sar(a) sykara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative aîosyk ereîosyk oîosyk oroîosyk îaîosyk peîosyk
Permissive t'aîosyk t'ereîosyk t'oîosyk t'oroîosyk t'îaîosyk ta peîosyk
Imperative eîosyk peîosyk
Negative indicative n'aîosyki n'ereîosyki n'oîosyki n'oroîosyki n'îaîosyki na peîosyki
Negative permissive t'aîosyk umẽ t'ereîosyk umẽ t'oîosyk umẽ t'oroîosyk umẽ t'îaîosyk umẽ ta peîosyk umẽ
Negative imperative eîosyk umẽ peîosyk umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative syka
Negative syke'yma
Gerund
Affirmative xe syka nde syka i syka oré syka îandé syka pe syka
Negative xe syke'yma nde syke'yma i syke'yma oré syke'yma îandé syke'yma pe syke'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe syki i syki oré syki îandé syki
Negative xe syke'ymi i syke'ymi oré syke'ymi îandé syke'ymi

Adverb

syk

  1. totally; completely
    Synonyms: opabĩ, pab, pabẽ, pakatu, tekatueté

References

  1. ^ Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 408, line 154

Further reading

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