βραδύς
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus (“slow”) (which bears some resemblance in form and meaning to Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”)). Cognates include Lithuanian gurdùs (“slow”), Latvian gur̃ds (“tired”), Latin gurdus (“dolt, heavy”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bra.dýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /braˈdys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βraˈðys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vraˈðys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vraˈðis/
Adjective
βρᾰδῠ́ς • (brădŭ́s) m (feminine βρᾰδεῖᾰ, neuter βραδῠ́); first/third declension
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | βρᾰδῠ́ς brădŭ́s |
βρᾰδεῖᾰ brădeîă |
βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́ |
βρᾰδέε brădée |
βρᾰδείᾱ brădeíā |
βρᾰδέε brădée |
βρᾰδεῖς brădeîs |
βρᾰδεῖαι brădeîai |
βρᾰδέᾰ brădéă | |||||
| Genitive | βρᾰδέος brădéos |
βρᾰδείᾱς brădeíās |
βρᾰδέος brădéos |
βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin |
βρᾰδείαιν brădeíain |
βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin |
βρᾰδέων brădéōn |
βρᾰδειῶν brădeiôn |
βρᾰδέων brădéōn | |||||
| Dative | βρᾰδεῖ brădeî |
βρᾰδείᾳ brădeíāi |
βρᾰδεῖ brădeî |
βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin |
βρᾰδείαιν brădeíain |
βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin |
βρᾰδέσῐ / βρᾰδέσῐν brădésĭ(n) |
βρᾰδείαις brădeíais |
βρᾰδέσῐ / βρᾰδέσῐν brădésĭ(n) | |||||
| Accusative | βρᾰδῠ́ν brădŭ́n |
βρᾰδεῖᾰν brădeîăn |
βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́ |
βρᾰδέε brădée |
βρᾰδείᾱ brădeíā |
βρᾰδέε brădée |
βρᾰδεῖς brădeîs |
βρᾰδείᾱς brădeíās |
βρᾰδέᾰ brădéă | |||||
| Vocative | βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́ |
βρᾰδεῖᾰ brădeîă |
βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́ |
βρᾰδέε brădée |
βρᾰδείᾱ brădeíā |
βρᾰδέε brădée |
βρᾰδεῖς brădeîs |
βρᾰδεῖαι brădeîai |
βρᾰδέᾰ brădéă | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βρᾰδέως brădéōs |
βρᾰδῠ́τερος brădŭ́teros |
βρᾰδῠ́τᾰτος brădŭ́tătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Antonyms
- τᾰχῠ́ς (tăkhŭ́s)
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Greek: βραδύς (vradýs) (learned)
- Byzantine Greek: βραδύ (bradú)
- Greek: βράδυ (vrády)
- Mariupol Greek: врадъи (vraði), врадъмер (vraðmjer)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βραδύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 234
Further reading
- “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βραδύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- βραδύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- βραδύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- βραδύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- G1021 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- dawdling idem, page 197.
- deliberate idem, page 207.
- dilatory idem, page 224.
- gradual idem, page 369.
- inactive idem, page 427.
- indolent idem, page 434.
- laggard idem, page 473.
- lagging idem, page 473.
- late idem, page 478.
- leisurely idem, page 485.
- lethargic idem, page 486.
- lingering idem, page 493.
- loitering idem, page 498.
- slack idem, page 782.
- slow idem, page 785.
- sluggish idem, page 786.
- stealthy idem, page 814.
- tardy idem, page 855.
- tedious idem, page 859.
- vacillating idem, page 942.
- wavering idem, page 968.
Greek
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vɾaˈðis/
- Hyphenation: βρα‧δύς
Adjective
βραδύς • (vradýs) m (feminine βραδεία, neuter βραδύ)
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | βραδύς (vradýs) | βραδεία (vradeía) | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδείς (vradeís) | βραδείες (vradeíes) | βραδέα (vradéa) | |
| genitive | βραδέος (vradéos) βραδύ (vradý) |
βραδείας (vradeías) | βραδύ (vradý) βραδέος (vradéos) |
βραδέων (vradéon) | βραδειών (vradeión) | βραδέων (vradéon) | |
| accusative | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδεία (vradeía) | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδείς (vradeís) | βραδείες (vradeíes) | βραδέα (vradéa) | |
| vocative | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδεία (vradeía) | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδείς (vradeís) | βραδείες (vradeíes) | βραδέα (vradéa) | |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βραδύς, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βραδύς, etc.)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο βραδύτερος", etc)
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Related terms
References
- ^ βραδύς, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language