βυθός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Traditionally considered a metathesis from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb- (“hazy, deep”), with cognates including Old Church Slavonic дъно (dŭno), Old English dēop (English deep) and Albanian det (from Proto-Albanian *deubeta). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Unrelated to βᾰθῠ́ς (băthŭ́s, “deep, thick, profound”) and βένθος (bénthos, “sea depth”), despite similar semantics and superficially similar phonetics.

Alternately, cognate to Sanskrit गाध (gādha, “bottom, ford, shallows, standing-ground in water”).

Also compare the root Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- with meaning related to swelling, as in a deepening.

However, Beekes rejects Indo-European origin, based on phonetic difficulties with theories like the above, as well as θ/σσ variation displayed by the word's variant βυσσός (bussós) which is bolstered by the latter's substrate-like formation βυσσαλ- (bussal-), and assigns it to Pre-Greek instead.[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

βῠθός • (bŭthós) m (genitive βῠθοῦ); second declension

  1. depth
  2. depth of the sea, deep water

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ βῠθός; τοῦ βῠθοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ βῠθός
ho bŭthós 		τὼ βῠθώ
tṑ bŭthṓ 		οἱ βῠθοί
hoi bŭthoí
Genitive τοῦ βῠθοῦ
toû bŭthoû 		τοῖν βῠθοῖν
toîn bŭthoîn 		τῶν βῠθῶν
tôn bŭthôn
Dative τῷ βῠθῷ
tōî bŭthōî 		τοῖν βῠθοῖν
toîn bŭthoîn 		τοῖς βῠθοῖς
toîs bŭthoîs
Accusative τὸν βῠθόν
tòn bŭthón 		τὼ βῠθώ
tṑ bŭthṓ 		τοὺς βῠθούς
toùs bŭthoús
Vocative βῠθέ
bŭthé 		βῠθώ
bŭthṓ 		βῠθοί
bŭthoí
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Greek: βυθός (vythós)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βυθός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek βυθός (buthós).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /viˈθos/

Noun

βυθός • (vythós) m (plural βυθοί)

  1. seabed, riverbed, bottom, ground

Declension

Declension of βυθός
singular plural
nominative βυθός (vythós) βυθοί (vythoí)
genitive βυθού (vythoú) βυθών (vythón)
accusative βυθό (vythó) βυθούς (vythoús)
vocative βυθέ (vythé) βυθοί (vythoí)

Further reading

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