βαθύς
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Zero-grade of the root of βένθος (bénthos), of uncertain origin.[1] Alternatively from earlier *βαφύς (*baphús), related to Sanskrit गभीर (gabhīrá, “deep”).[2] Or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂dʰ- (“to sink, submerge”).(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Unrelated to βυσσός (bussós) and βυθός (buthós).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ba.tʰýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /baˈtʰys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βaˈθys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vaˈθys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vaˈθis/
Adjective
βᾰθῠ́ς • (băthŭ́s) m (feminine βᾰθεῖᾰ, neuter βᾰθῠ́); first/third declension
- being a large vertical distance from: high, deep
- thick
- (generally) strong, intense, full
- profound
- (of colour) deep
- (time) twilight
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | βᾰθῠ́ς băthŭ́s |
βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă |
βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθεῖς bătheîs |
βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ băthéă | |||||
| Genitive | βᾰθέος băthéos |
βᾰθείᾱς bătheíās |
βᾰθέος băthéos |
βᾰθέοιν băthéoin |
βᾰθείαιν bătheíain |
βᾰθέοιν băthéoin |
βᾰθέων băthéōn |
βᾰθειῶν bătheiôn |
βᾰθέων băthéōn | |||||
| Dative | βᾰθεῖ bătheî |
βᾰθείᾳ bătheíāi |
βᾰθεῖ bătheî |
βᾰθέοιν băthéoin |
βᾰθείαιν bătheíain |
βᾰθέοιν băthéoin |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n) |
βᾰθείαις bătheíais |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n) | |||||
| Accusative | βᾰθῠ́ν băthŭ́n |
βᾰθεῖᾰν bătheîăn |
βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθεῖς bătheîs |
βᾰθείᾱς bătheíās |
βᾰθέᾰ băthéă | |||||
| Vocative | βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă |
βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθεῖς bătheîs |
βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ băthéă | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βᾰθέως băthéōs |
βᾰθῠ́τερος băthŭ́teros |
βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος băthŭ́tătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | βᾰθῠ́ς băthŭ́s |
βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă |
βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθέες băthées |
βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ băthéă | |||||
| Genitive | βᾰθέος băthéos |
βᾰθείης bătheíēs |
βᾰθέος băthéos |
βᾰθέοιν / βᾰθέοιῐν băthéoi(ĭ)n |
βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν bătheíai(ĭ)n / bătheíēiĭn |
βᾰθέοιν / βᾰθέοιῐν băthéoi(ĭ)n |
βᾰθέων băthéōn |
βᾰθειᾱ́ων / βᾰθειέ͜ων / βᾰθειῶν bătheiā́ōn / bătheié͜ōn / bătheiôn |
βᾰθέων băthéōn | |||||
| Dative | βᾰθεῖ bătheî |
βᾰθείῃ bătheíēi |
βᾰθεῖ bătheî |
βᾰθέοιν / βᾰθέοιῐν băthéoi(ĭ)n |
βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν bătheíai(ĭ)n / bătheíēiĭn |
βᾰθέοιν / βᾰθέοιῐν băthéoi(ĭ)n |
βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν băthéessĭ(n) / băthéesĭ(n) / băthésĭ(n) |
βᾰθείῃσῐ / βᾰθείῃσῐν / βᾰθείῃς / βᾰθείαις bătheíēisĭ(n) / bătheíēis / bătheíais |
βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν băthéessĭ(n) / băthéesĭ(n) / băthésĭ(n) | |||||
| Accusative | βᾰθῠ́ν băthŭ́n |
βᾰθεῖᾰν bătheîăn |
βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθέᾰς băthéăs |
βᾰθείᾱς bătheíās |
βᾰθέᾰ băthéă | |||||
| Vocative | βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă |
βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́ |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā |
βᾰθέε băthée |
βᾰθέες băthées |
βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ băthéă | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βᾰθέως băthéōs |
βᾰθῠ́τερος băthŭ́teros |
βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος băthŭ́tătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
| Number | Singular | Plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
| Nominative | βαθύς bathús |
βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά batheía / bathéa / batheiá / bathiá |
βαθύ / βαθύν bathú / bathún |
βαθέοι / βαθιοί bathéoi / bathioí |
βαθέαι / βαθεῖες / βαθειές / βαθιές bathéai / batheîes / batheiés / bathiés |
βαθέα / βαθεά / βαθία / βαθιά bathéa / batheá / bathía / bathiá | ||
| Genitive | βαθέου / βαθιοῦ / βαθύ / βαθή bathéou / bathioû / bathú / bathḗ |
*βαθείας / βαθέας / βαθειᾶς / βαθιᾶς *batheías / bathéas / batheiâs / bathiâs |
βαθέου / βαθίου / βαθιοῦ / βαθύ bathéou / bathíou / bathioû / bathú |
βαθέων / βαθίων / *βαθιῶν bathéōn / bathíōn / *bathiôn |
βαθέων / *βαθειῶν / *βαθιῶν bathéōn / *batheiôn / *bathiôn |
βαθέων / βαθίων / *βαθιῶν bathéōn / bathíōn / *bathiôn | ||
| Dative | βᾰθεῖ bătheî |
βᾰθείᾳ bătheíāi |
βᾰθεῖ bătheî |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n) |
βᾰθείαις bătheíais |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n) | ||
| Accusative | βαθύ / βαθύν bathú / bathún |
βαθείαν / βαθέαν / βαθειάν / βαθιάν / βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά batheían / bathéan / batheián / bathián / batheía / bathéa / batheiá / bathiá |
βαθύ / βαθύν / βαθέον bathú / bathún / bathéon |
βαθέους / βαθίους / βαθιούς / βαθειούς bathéous / bathíous / bathioús / batheioús |
βαθέας / βαθείας / βαθεῖες / βαθειές / βαθιές bathéas / batheías / batheîes / batheiés / bathiés |
βαθέα / *βαθεά / βαθία / βαθιά bathéa / *batheá / bathía / bathiá | ||
| Vocative | βαθύ bathú |
*βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά *batheía / bathéa / batheiá / bathiá |
βαθύ / βαθύν bathú / bathún |
βαθέοι / *βαθιοί bathéoi / *bathioí |
*βαθεῖες / *βαθειές *batheîes / *batheiés |
*βαθέα / *βαθεά / *βαθία / *βαθιά *bathéa / *batheá / *bathía / *bathiá | ||
Derived terms
- βαθυδῑ́νης (bathudī́nēs)
- Βαθυκλῆς (Bathuklês)
- βαθύκολπος (bathúkolpos)
- βᾰθῠπόλεμος (băthŭpólemos)
- βαθύρροος (bathúrrhoos)
Related terms
- βάθος (báthos)
Descendants
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βαθύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “gabhīrá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University: “seems rather far-fetched, but may be correct”
Further reading
- “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βαθύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- βαθύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “βαθύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G901 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús).
Adjective
βαθύς • (vathýs) m (feminine βαθιά, neuter βαθύ)
- deep (downward or sometimes inward)
- Antonym: ρηχός (richós)
- (figuratively) deep, dark (of shades and colours)
- βαθύ μπλε ― vathý ble ― deep blue
- (figuratively) profound, deep
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | βαθύς (vathýs) | βαθιά (vathiá) | βαθύ (vathý) | βαθιοί (vathioí) | βαθιές (vathiés) | βαθιά (vathiá) | |
| genitive | βαθιού (vathioú) βαθύ (vathý) |
βαθιάς (vathiás) | βαθιού (vathioú) βαθύ (vathý) |
βαθιών (vathión) | βαθιών (vathión) | βαθιών (vathión) | |
| accusative | βαθύ (vathý) | βαθιά (vathiá) | βαθύ (vathý) | βαθιούς (vathioús) | βαθιές (vathiés) | βαθιά (vathiá) | |
| vocative | βαθύ (vathý) | βαθιά (vathiá) | βαθύ (vathý) | βαθιοί (vathioí) | βαθιές (vathiés) | βαθιά (vathiá) | |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βαθύς, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βαθύς, etc.)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο βαθύτερος", etc)
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Related terms
- compare with: βάθος (váthos, “depth”, noun)
Further reading
- βαθύς, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language