δίδυμος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Reduplication from δύο (dúo, “two”), with a suffix -μος (-mos); compare ἀμφίδυμος (amphídumos, “double”). Analogical formations like τρίδυμος (trídumos) show that this word was connected with δίς (dís, “twice”), at least at a later date.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /dí.dy.mos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈdi.dy.mos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈði.ðy.mos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈði.ðy.mos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈði.ði.mos/
Adjective
δῐ́δῠμος • (dĭ́dŭmos) m (feminine δῐδῠ́μη, neuter δῐ́δῠμον); first/second declension
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | δῐ́δῠμος dĭ́dŭmos |
δῐδῠ́μη dĭdŭ́mē |
δῐ́δῠμον dĭ́dŭmon |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐδῠ́μᾱ dĭdŭ́mā |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐ́δῠμοι dĭ́dŭmoi |
δῐ́δῠμαι dĭ́dŭmai |
δῐ́δῠμᾰ dĭ́dŭmă | |||||
| Genitive | δῐδῠ́μου dĭdŭ́mou |
δῐδῠ́μης dĭdŭ́mēs |
δῐδῠ́μου dĭdŭ́mou |
δῐδῠ́μοιν dĭdŭ́moin |
δῐδῠ́μαιν dĭdŭ́main |
δῐδῠ́μοιν dĭdŭ́moin |
δῐδῠ́μων dĭdŭ́mōn |
δῐδῠ́μων dĭdŭ́mōn |
δῐδῠ́μων dĭdŭ́mōn | |||||
| Dative | δῐδῠ́μῳ dĭdŭ́mōi |
δῐδῠ́μῃ dĭdŭ́mēi |
δῐδῠ́μῳ dĭdŭ́mōi |
δῐδῠ́μοιν dĭdŭ́moin |
δῐδῠ́μαιν dĭdŭ́main |
δῐδῠ́μοιν dĭdŭ́moin |
δῐδῠ́μοις dĭdŭ́mois |
δῐδῠ́μαις dĭdŭ́mais |
δῐδῠ́μοις dĭdŭ́mois | |||||
| Accusative | δῐ́δῠμον dĭ́dŭmon |
δῐδῠ́μην dĭdŭ́mēn |
δῐ́δῠμον dĭ́dŭmon |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐδῠ́μᾱ dĭdŭ́mā |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐδῠ́μους dĭdŭ́mous |
δῐδῠ́μᾱς dĭdŭ́mās |
δῐ́δῠμᾰ dĭ́dŭmă | |||||
| Vocative | δῐ́δῠμε dĭ́dŭme |
δῐδῠ́μη dĭdŭ́mē |
δῐ́δῠμον dĭ́dŭmon |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐδῠ́μᾱ dĭdŭ́mā |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐ́δῠμοι dĭ́dŭmoi |
δῐ́δῠμαι dĭ́dŭmai |
δῐ́δῠμᾰ dĭ́dŭmă | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| δῐδῠ́μως dĭdŭ́mōs |
δῐδῠμώτερος dĭdŭmṓteros |
δῐδῠμώτᾰτος dĭdŭmṓtătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Noun
δῐ́δῠμος • (dĭ́dŭmos) m (genitive δῐδῠ́μου); second declension
- (in the plural) twins
- (astronomy) Gemini
- (anatomy, in the plural) testicles
- Synonym: ὄρχῐς (órkhĭs)
- (anatomy, in the plural) ovaries
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ δῐ́δῠμος ho dĭ́dŭmos |
τὼ δῐδῠ́μω tṑ dĭdŭ́mō |
οἱ δῐ́δῠμοι hoi dĭ́dŭmoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ δῐδῠ́μου toû dĭdŭ́mou |
τοῖν δῐδῠ́μοιν toîn dĭdŭ́moin |
τῶν δῐδῠ́μων tôn dĭdŭ́mōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ δῐδῠ́μῳ tōî dĭdŭ́mōi |
τοῖν δῐδῠ́μοιν toîn dĭdŭ́moin |
τοῖς δῐδῠ́μοις toîs dĭdŭ́mois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν δῐ́δῠμον tòn dĭ́dŭmon |
τὼ δῐδῠ́μω tṑ dĭdŭ́mō |
τοὺς δῐδῠ́μους toùs dĭdŭ́mous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | δῐ́δῠμε dĭ́dŭme |
δῐδῠ́μω dĭdŭ́mō |
δῐ́δῠμοι dĭ́dŭmoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- δῐδῠμαῖον (dĭdŭmaîon)
- Δῐδῠμαῖος (Dĭdŭmaîos)
- δῐδῠμᾰ́νωρ (dĭdŭmắnōr)
- δῐδῠμᾱ́ων (dĭdŭmā́ōn)
- δῐδῠμεύω (dĭdŭmeúō)
- δῐδῠ́μη (dĭdŭ́mē)
- δῐδῠ́μῐᾰ (dĭdŭ́mĭă)
- δῐδῠ́μῐος (dĭdŭ́mĭos)
- δῐδῠμογενής (dĭdŭmogenḗs)
- δῐδῠμόγονος (dĭdŭmógonos)
- δῐδῠμόζῠγος (dĭdŭmózŭgos)
- δῐδῠμόθροος (dĭdŭmóthroos)
- δῐδῠμόκτῠπος (dĭdŭmóktŭpos)
- δῐδῠμόστροφος (dĭdŭmóstrophos)
- δῐδῠμότης (dĭdŭmótēs)
- δῐδῠμότοκος (dĭdŭmótokos)
- δῐδῠμόχροος (dĭdŭmókhroos)
- Δῐδῠμών (Dĭdŭmṓn)
- ἐπῐδῐδῠμῐ́ς (epĭdĭdŭmĭ́s)
Descendants
Further reading
- “δίδυμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δίδυμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “δίδυμος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- δίδυμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- δίδυμος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- δίδυμος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek δίδυμος (dídumos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈði.ði.mos]
Adjective
δίδυμος • (dídymos) m (feminine δίδυμη, neuter δίδυμο)
- twin, twinned, being one of a pair of twins
- δίδυμα αδέλφια
- dídyma adélfia
- twin brothers
- (figuratively) matching exactly
- δίδυμα πυροβόλα, δίδυμοι πύργοι
- dídyma pyrovóla, dídymoi pýrgoi
- twin cannon, twin towers
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | δίδυμος (dídymos) | δίδυμη (dídymi) | δίδυμο (dídymo) | δίδυμοι (dídymoi) | δίδυμες (dídymes) | δίδυμα (dídyma) | |
| genitive | δίδυμου (dídymou) | δίδυμης (dídymis) | δίδυμου (dídymou) | δίδυμων (dídymon) | δίδυμων (dídymon) | δίδυμων (dídymon) | |
| accusative | δίδυμο (dídymo) | δίδυμη (dídymi) | δίδυμο (dídymo) | δίδυμους (dídymous) | δίδυμες (dídymes) | δίδυμα (dídyma) | |
| vocative | δίδυμε (dídyme) | δίδυμη (dídymi) | δίδυμο (dídymo) | δίδυμοι (dídymoi) | δίδυμες (dídymes) | δίδυμα (dídyma) | |
Noun
δίδυμος • (dídymos) m or f (plural δίδυμοι)
- twin (either of two people who shared the same uterus, or of two similar or closely related objects)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | δίδυμος (dídymos) | δίδυμοι (dídymoi) |
| genitive | διδύμου (didýmou) | διδύμων (didýmon) |
| accusative | δίδυμο (dídymo) | διδύμους (didýmous) |
| vocative | δίδυμε (dídyme) | δίδυμοι (dídymoi) |