δαίω
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /dǎi̯.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈdɛ.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈðɛ.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈðe.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈðe.o/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Hellenic *dáyyō; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂w-. Cognates include Proto-Celtic *dauyeti, Tocharian A twās; perhaps related to Latin duellum, bellum (“war”). Perhaps etymologically related to dagger and Sanskrit दुनोति (dunoti).
Verb
δαίω • (daíō)
- (transitive) to light up, to kindle, to set on fire
- (transitive) to burn up
- (passive voice) to burn, to blaze
Conjugation
Present: δαίω, δαίομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | δαίω | δαίεις | δαίει | δαίετον | δαίετον | δαίομεν | δαίετε | δαίουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | δαίω | δαίῃς | δαίῃ | δαίητον | δαίητον | δαίωμεν | δαίητε | δαίωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | δαίοιμῐ | δαίοις | δαίοι | δαίοιτον | δαιοίτην | δαίοιμεν | δαίοιτε | δαίοιεν | |||||
| imperative | δαῖε | δαιέτω | δαίετον | δαιέτων | δαίετε | δαιόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | δαίομαι | δαίῃ / δαίει | δαίεται | δαίεσθον | δαίεσθον | δαιόμεθᾰ | δαίεσθε | δαίονται | ||||
| subjunctive | δαίωμαι | δαίῃ | δαίηται | δαίησθον | δαίησθον | δαιώμεθᾰ | δαίησθε | δαίωνται | |||||
| optative | δαιοίμην | δαίοιο | δαίοιτο | δαίοισθον | δαιοίσθην | δαιοίμεθᾰ | δαίοισθε | δαίοιντο | |||||
| imperative | δαίου | δαιέσθω | δαίεσθον | δαιέσθων | δαίεσθε | δαιέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | δαίειν | δαίεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | δαίων | δαιόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | δαίουσᾰ | δαιομένη | |||||||||||
| n | δαῖον | δαιόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔδαιον, ἐδαιόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔδαιον | ἔδαιες | ἔδαιε(ν) | ἐδαίετον | ἐδαιέτην | ἐδαίομεν | ἐδαίετε | ἔδαιον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐδαιόμην | ἐδαίου | ἐδαίετο | ἐδαίεσθον | ἐδαιέσθην | ἐδαιόμεθᾰ | ἐδαίεσθε | ἐδαίοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Antonyms
- σβέννυμι (sbénnumi)
Derived terms
- δᾰ́ος (dắos)
Etymology 2
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to share”).[1] Compare Sanskrit दयते (dayate).
Verb
δαίω • (daíō)
- (transitive, usually middle voice) to divide, to share
- (transitive) to host (a feast)
- (passive voice) to be torn, to ache
Conjugation
Present: δαίω, δαίομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | δαίω | δαίεις | δαίει | δαίετον | δαίετον | δαίομεν | δαίετε | δαίουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | δαίω | δαίῃς | δαίῃ | δαίητον | δαίητον | δαίωμεν | δαίητε | δαίωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | δαίοιμῐ | δαίοις | δαίοι | δαίοιτον | δαιοίτην | δαίοιμεν | δαίοιτε | δαίοιεν | |||||
| imperative | δαῖε | δαιέτω | δαίετον | δαιέτων | δαίετε | δαιόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | δαίομαι | δαίῃ / δαίει | δαίεται | δαίεσθον | δαίεσθον | δαιόμεθᾰ | δαίεσθε | δαίονται | ||||
| subjunctive | δαίωμαι | δαίῃ | δαίηται | δαίησθον | δαίησθον | δαιώμεθᾰ | δαίησθε | δαίωνται | |||||
| optative | δαιοίμην | δαίοιο | δαίοιτο | δαίοισθον | δαιοίσθην | δαιοίμεθᾰ | δαίοισθε | δαίοιντο | |||||
| imperative | δαίου | δαιέσθω | δαίεσθον | δαιέσθων | δαίεσθε | δαιέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | δαίειν | δαίεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | δαίων | δαιόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | δαίουσᾰ | δαιομένη | |||||||||||
| n | δαῖον | δαιόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔδαιον, ἐδαιόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔδαιον | ἔδαιες | ἔδαιε(ν) | ἐδαίετον | ἐδαιέτην | ἐδαίομεν | ἐδαίετε | ἔδαιον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐδαιόμην | ἐδαίου | ἐδαίετο | ἐδαίεσθον | ἐδαιέσθην | ἐδαιόμεθᾰ | ἐδαίεσθε | ἐδαίοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔδαισᾰ, ἐδαισᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔδαισᾰ | ἔδαισᾰς | ἔδαισε(ν) | ἐδαίσᾰτον | ἐδαισᾰ́την | ἐδαίσᾰμεν | ἐδαίσᾰτε | ἔδαισᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | δαίσω | δαίσῃς | δαίσῃ | δαίσητον | δαίσητον | δαίσωμεν | δαίσητε | δαίσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | δαίσαιμῐ | δαίσειᾰς / δαίσαις | δαίσειε(ν) / δαίσαι | δαίσαιτον | δαισαίτην | δαίσαιμεν | δαίσαιτε | δαίσειᾰν / δαίσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | δαῖσον | δαισᾰ́τω | δαίσᾰτον | δαισᾰ́των | δαίσᾰτε | δαισᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐδαισᾰ́μην | ἐδαίσω | ἐδαίσᾰτο | ἐδαίσᾰσθον | ἐδαισᾰ́σθην | ἐδαισᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐδαίσᾰσθε | ἐδαίσᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | δαίσωμαι | δαίσῃ | δαίσηται | δαίσησθον | δαίσησθον | δαισώμεθᾰ | δαίσησθε | δαίσωνται | |||||
| optative | δαισαίμην | δαίσαιο | δαίσαιτο | δαίσαισθον | δαισαίσθην | δαισαίμεθᾰ | δαίσαισθε | δαίσαιντο | |||||
| imperative | δαῖσαι | δαισᾰ́σθω | δαίσᾰσθον | δαισᾰ́σθων | δαίσᾰσθε | δαισᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | δαῖσαι | δαίσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | δαίσᾱς | δαισᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | δαίσᾱσᾰ | δαισᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | δαῖσᾰν | δαισᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: δεδαίαμαι (Ionic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | δεδαίαμαι | δεδαίασαι | δεδαίαται | δεδαίασθον | δεδαίασθον | δεδαιάμεθᾰ | δεδαίασθε | δεδαίανται | ||||
| subjunctive | δεδαιαμένος ὦ | δεδαιαμένος ᾖς | δεδαιαμένος ᾖ | δεδαιαμένω ἦτον | δεδαιαμένω ἦτον | δεδαιαμένοι ὦμεν | δεδαιαμένοι ἦτε | δεδαιαμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | δεδαιαμένος εἴην | δεδαιαμένος εἴης | δεδαιαμένος εἴη | δεδαιαμένω εἴητον / εἶτον | δεδαιαμένω εἰήτην / εἴτην | δεδαιαμένοι εἴημεν / εἶμεν | δεδαιαμένοι εἴητε / εἶτε | δεδαιαμένοι εἴησᾰν / εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | δεδαίασο | δεδαιάσθω | δεδαίασθον | δεδαιάσθων | δεδαίασθε | δεδαιάσθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | δεδαιᾶσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | δεδαιαμένος | |||||||||||
| f | δεδαιαμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | δεδαιαμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Synonyms
- δατέομαι (datéomai)
Derived terms
- γεωδαισία (geōdaisía)
Related terms
Further reading
- “δαίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δαίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “δαίω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- δαίω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- δαίω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δαίομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 297-298