κίτρον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin citrum (“citron”) < citrus, itself probably via Etruscan from Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros, “cedar”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

κῐ́τρον • (kĭ́tron) n (genitive κῐ́τρου); second declension

  1. (Koine) fruit of the citron tree

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κῐ́τρον; τοῦ κῐ́τρου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ κῐ́τρον
tò kĭ́tron 		τὼ κῐ́τρω
tṑ kĭ́trō 		τᾰ̀ κῐ́τρᾰ
tằ kĭ́tră
Genitive τοῦ κῐ́τρου
toû kĭ́trou 		τοῖν κῐ́τροιν
toîn kĭ́troin 		τῶν κῐ́τρων
tôn kĭ́trōn
Dative τῷ κῐ́τρῳ
tōî kĭ́trōi 		τοῖν κῐ́τροιν
toîn kĭ́troin 		τοῖς κῐ́τροις
toîs kĭ́trois
Accusative τὸ κῐ́τρον
tò kĭ́tron 		τὼ κῐ́τρω
tṑ kĭ́trō 		τᾰ̀ κῐ́τρᾰ
tằ kĭ́tră
Vocative κῐ́τρον
kĭ́tron 		κῐ́τρω
kĭ́trō 		κῐ́τρᾰ
kĭ́tră
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

  • κιτρᾶτον (kitrâton)
  • κιτρέα (kitréa)
  • κίτρινος (kítrinos)
  • κίτριον (kítrion)
  • κιτρόμηλον (kitrómēlon)
  • κιτρόφυλλον (kitróphullon)
  • κιτρόφυτον (kitróphuton)
  • κιτρόχρους (kitrókhrous)

Descendants

  • Greek: κίτρο (kítro)
  • → Old Armenian: կիտրոն (kitron)
  • → Old East Slavic: китръ (kitrŭ), кидръ (kidrŭ), кидъръ (kidŭrŭ)
  • → Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קטרונא (qiṭrōnā)
  • → Classical Syriac: ܩܛܪܝܢ (qiṭrīn)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κίτριον (> VAR Also κίτρον)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 705

Further reading

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