κόλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally compared with Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei (“to forge, strike”) (whence Lithuanian kálti (“to beat, to hammer”) and Proto-Slavic *kòlti (“to sting”)), which is either from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”) or *(s)kelH- (“to cut, split”). However, Beekes has some doubts, particularly due to the likely-related κολούω (koloúō, “to mutilate, limit”) exhibiting strange morphology, and alternatively and tentatively suggests Pre-Greek origin.[1]

Pronunciation

 

Adjective

κόλος • (kólos) m or f (neuter κόλον); second declension

  1. docked
  2. hornless or stump-horned
  3. (of a spear) without point
  4. (of battle) broken off

Inflection

Second declension of κόλος; κόλον (Attic)
Number Singular Dual Plural
Case/Gender Masculine / Feminine Neuter Masculine / Feminine Neuter Masculine / Feminine Neuter
Nominative κόλος
kólos 		κόλον
kólon 		κόλω
kólō 		κόλω
kólō 		κόλοι
kóloi 		κόλᾰ
kólă
Genitive κόλου
kólou 		κόλου
kólou 		κόλοιν
kóloin 		κόλοιν
kóloin 		κόλων
kólōn 		κόλων
kólōn
Dative κόλῳ
kólōi 		κόλῳ
kólōi 		κόλοιν
kóloin 		κόλοιν
kóloin 		κόλοις
kólois 		κόλοις
kólois
Accusative κόλον
kólon 		κόλον
kólon 		κόλω
kólō 		κόλω
kólō 		κόλους
kólous 		κόλᾰ
kólă
Vocative κόλε
kóle 		κόλον
kólon 		κόλω
kólō 		κόλω
kólō 		κόλοι
kóloi 		κόλᾰ
kólă
Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
κόλως
kólōs 		κολώτερος
kolṓteros 		κολώτᾰτος
kolṓtătos
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

  • κολάζω (kolázō)
  • κολαστής (kolastḗs)
  • κολαστικός (kolastikós)
  • κόλερος (kóleros)
  • κόλουρος (kólouros)
  • κολούω (koloúō)
  • κολόχειρ (kolókheir)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κόλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 739

Further reading

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