λάχανον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably of Pre-Greek origin, as suggested by the suffix -ανον. The denominative simplex λαχαίνω (lakhaínō, “to dig”), which has only late attestations, is probably a back-formation from compounded forms.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lá.kʰa.non/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈla.kʰa.non/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.xa.non/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.xa.non/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈla.xa.non/

Noun

λᾰ́χᾰνον • (lắkhănon) n (genitive λᾰχᾰ́νου); second declension

garden herb, opposite to wild plants
(in the plural) vegetables
(in the plural) vegetable market

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ λᾰ́χᾰνον; τοῦ λᾰχᾰ́νου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ λᾰ́χᾰνον tò lắkhănon	τὼ λᾰχᾰ́νω tṑ lăkhắnō	τᾰ̀ λᾰ́χᾰνᾰ tằ lắkhănă
Genitive	τοῦ λᾰχᾰ́νου toû lăkhắnou	τοῖν λᾰχᾰ́νοιν toîn lăkhắnoin	τῶν λᾰχᾰ́νων tôn lăkhắnōn
Dative	τῷ λᾰχᾰ́νῳ tōî lăkhắnōi	τοῖν λᾰχᾰ́νοιν toîn lăkhắnoin	τοῖς λᾰχᾰ́νοις toîs lăkhắnois
Accusative	τὸ λᾰ́χᾰνον tò lắkhănon	τὼ λᾰχᾰ́νω tṑ lăkhắnō	τᾰ̀ λᾰ́χᾰνᾰ tằ lắkhănă
Vocative	λᾰ́χᾰνον lắkhănon	λᾰχᾰ́νω lăkhắnō	λᾰ́χᾰνᾰ lắkhănă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κηπολᾰ́χᾰνον (kēpolắkhănon)
λαχανάριον (lakhanárion)
λαχανᾶς (lakhanâs)
λαχανεία (lakhaneía)
λαχανεύς (lakhaneús)
λαχανεύω (lakhaneúō)
λαχανηρός (lakhanērós)
λαχανιά (lakhaniá)
λαχανίδιον (lakhanídion)
λαχανίζω (lakhanízō)
λαχανικός (lakhanikós)
λαχάνιον (lakhánion)
λαχανοειδής (lakhanoeidḗs)
λαχανοθήκη (lakhanothḗkē)
λαχανοπώλης (lakhanopṓlēs)
λαχανώδης (lakhanṓdēs)
χρῡσολᾰ́χᾰνον (khrūsolắkhănon)

Descendants

Greek: λάχανο (láchano)
- → Bulgarian: ла́хана (láhana)
- → Romanian: lahaniu
→ Albanian: lakër, lakënë
→ Ottoman Turkish: لحنه (lahana)
- Turkish: lahana
- → Arabic: لَهَانَة (lahāna), لَخَانَة (laḵāna)
- → Crimean Tatar: lahana
- → Georgian: ლახანა (laxana) — Imereti, Lechkhumi
  - → Mingrelian: ლახანა (laxana)
  - → Svan: ლახანა (laxana)
- Kurdish:
  - → Central Kurdish: لەھانە (lehane)
  - → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܠܵܗܵܢܵܐ (lahānā)
- → Laz: ლაჰანა (lahana)
- → Middle Armenian: լախանայ (laxanay)
  - Armenian: լախանա (laxana), լահանա (lahana), լա̈հա̈նա̈ (lähänä)
- → Romanian: lahaniu

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λαχαίνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 839