λέπω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The primary thematic present has no direct correspondences outside Greek. There are few nominal formations resembling the Greek forms: Lithuanian lãpas (“leaf”) and lõpas (“rag, piece”), Albanian lapë (“rag, leaf, peritoneum”), Russian ла́поть (lápotʹ, “bast shoe, bast sandal”). The form λέπος (lépos) was also compared with the s-stem Latin lepōs (“grace”). However, Beekes concludes that the verb is not Indo-European: in fact there is hardly any exact correspondence and the semantics are not very convincing. Note the forms λεπάγιον (lepágion), λεπακινός (lepakinós), λέπασμα (lépasma), λέπυρον (lépuron), λεπύχανον (lepúkhanon), λέπρα (lépra), λώψ (lṓps) and λῶπος (lôpos), with suffixes and/or alternations of Pre-Greek appearance.[1]

Pronunciation

 

Verb

λέπω • (lépō)

  1. to peel, bark, strip off the rind or husks
  2. (figuratively) to give a hiding to, thrash
  3. (mediopassive) to masturbate, indulge in indecent gestures
    Synonym: δέφω (déphō)

Conjugation

   Present: λέπω, λέπομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative λέπω λέπεις λέπει λέπετον λέπετον λέπομεν λέπετε λέπουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive λέπω λέπῃς λέπῃ λέπητον λέπητον λέπωμεν λέπητε λέπωσῐ(ν)
optative λέποιμῐ λέποις λέποι λέποιτον λεποίτην λέποιμεν λέποιτε λέποιεν
imperative   λέπε λεπέτω λέπετον λεπέτων   λέπετε λεπόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative λέπομαι λέπῃ / λέπει λέπεται λέπεσθον λέπεσθον λεπόμεθᾰ λέπεσθε λέπονται
subjunctive λέπωμαι λέπῃ λέπηται λέπησθον λέπησθον λεπώμεθᾰ λέπησθε λέπωνται
optative λεποίμην λέποιο λέποιτο λέποισθον λεποίσθην λεποίμεθᾰ λέποισθε λέποιντο
imperative   λέπου λεπέσθω λέπεσθον λεπέσθων   λέπεσθε λεπέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive λέπειν λέπεσθαι
participle m λέπων λεπόμενος
f λέπουσᾰ λεπομένη
n λέπον λεπόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἔλεπον, ἐλεπόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔλεπον ἔλεπες ἔλεπε(ν) ἐλέπετον ἐλεπέτην ἐλέπομεν ἐλέπετε ἔλεπον
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐλεπόμην ἐλέπου ἐλέπετο ἐλέπεσθον ἐλεπέσθην ἐλεπόμεθᾰ ἐλέπεσθε ἐλέποντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: λέψω, λέψομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative λέψω λέψεις λέψει λέψετον λέψετον λέψομεν λέψετε λέψουσῐ(ν)
optative λέψοιμῐ λέψοις λέψοι λέψοιτον λεψοίτην λέψοιμεν λέψοιτε λέψοιεν
middle indicative λέψομαι λέψῃ / λέψει λέψεται λέψεσθον λέψεσθον λεψόμεθᾰ λέψεσθε λέψονται
optative λεψοίμην λέψοιο λέψοιτο λέψοισθον λεψοίσθην λεψοίμεθᾰ λέψοισθε λέψοιντο
active middle
infinitive λέψειν λέψεσθαι
participle m λέψων λεψόμενος
f λέψουσᾰ λεψομένη
n λέψον λεψόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἔλεψᾰ, ἐλεψᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔλεψᾰ ἔλεψᾰς ἔλεψε(ν) ἐλέψᾰτον ἐλεψᾰ́την ἐλέψᾰμεν ἐλέψᾰτε ἔλεψᾰν
subjunctive λέψω λέψῃς λέψῃ λέψητον λέψητον λέψωμεν λέψητε λέψωσῐ(ν)
optative λέψαιμῐ λέψειᾰς / λέψαις λέψειε(ν) / λέψαι λέψαιτον λεψαίτην λέψαιμεν λέψαιτε λέψειᾰν / λέψαιεν
imperative   λέψον λεψᾰ́τω λέψᾰτον λεψᾰ́των   λέψᾰτε λεψᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐλεψᾰ́μην ἐλέψω ἐλέψᾰτο ἐλέψᾰσθον ἐλεψᾰ́σθην ἐλεψᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐλέψᾰσθε ἐλέψᾰντο
subjunctive λέψωμαι λέψῃ λέψηται λέψησθον λέψησθον λεψώμεθᾰ λέψησθε λέψωνται
optative λεψαίμην λέψαιο λέψαιτο λέψαισθον λεψαίσθην λεψαίμεθᾰ λέψαισθε λέψαιντο
imperative   λέψαι λεψᾰ́σθω λέψᾰσθον λεψᾰ́σθων   λέψᾰσθε λεψᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive λέψαι λέψᾰσθαι
participle m λέψᾱς λεψᾰ́μενος
f λέψᾱσᾰ λεψᾰμένη
n λέψᾰν λεψᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λέπω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 848-50

Further reading

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