λύκος

See also: Λύκος

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 1 February 2023

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *lúkos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”) with metathesis. Cognates include Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka), Latin lupus (also showing metathesis), Old English wulf (English wolf) and Russian волк (volk).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

λῠ́κος • (lŭ́kos) m (genitive λῠ́κου); second declension

  1. wolf
    • New Testament, Mat. 7:15:
      Προσέχετε ἀπὸ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἵτινες ἔρχονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐν ἐνδύμασιν προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δὲ εἰσὶν λύκοι ἅρπαγες.
      Prosékhete apò tôn pseudoprophētôn, hoítines érkhontai pròs humâs en endúmasin probátōn, ésōthen dè eisìn lúkoi hárpages.
      Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.
  2. curb bit
  3. a kind of jackdaw

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ λῠ́κος; τοῦ λῠ́κου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ λῠ́κος
ho lŭ́kos 		τὼ λῠ́κω
tṑ lŭ́kō 		οἱ λῠ́κοι
hoi lŭ́koi
Genitive τοῦ λῠ́κου
toû lŭ́kou 		τοῖν λῠ́κοιν
toîn lŭ́koin 		τῶν λῠ́κων
tôn lŭ́kōn
Dative τῷ λῠ́κῳ
tōî lŭ́kōi 		τοῖν λῠ́κοιν
toîn lŭ́koin 		τοῖς λῠ́κοις
toîs lŭ́kois
Accusative τὸν λῠ́κον
tòn lŭ́kon 		τὼ λῠ́κω
tṑ lŭ́kō 		τοὺς λῠ́κους
toùs lŭ́kous
Vocative λῠ́κε
lŭ́ke 		λῠ́κω
lŭ́kō 		λῠ́κοι
lŭ́koi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

λυκ- terms (also see λύσσα (lússa))

  • αἰνόλῠκος m (ainólŭkos, “horrible wolf”)
  • Αὐτόλῠκος m (Autólŭkos)
  • κῠνόλῠκος m (kŭnólŭkos)
  • λῠκάγχη f (lŭkánkhē)
  • λῠ́καινα f (lŭ́kaina, “she-wolf”)
  • λῠκαινίς f (lŭkainís, “she-wolf”)
  • λῠκαινόμορφος (lŭkainómorphos, “she-wolf-shaped”)
  • Λῠ́καιον n (Lŭ́kaion)
  • Λῠκαιονίκης m (Lŭkaioníkēs)
  • Λῠκαῖος (Lŭkaîos, “Lycaean”)
  • λῠκανθρωπῐ́ᾱ f (lŭkanthrōpĭ́ā, “a kind of madness”)
  • λῠκάνθρωπος m or f (lŭkánthrōpos, “man-wolf”)
  • Λῠκᾱονῐ́ᾱ f (Lŭkāonĭ́ā)
  • λῠκαυγής (lŭkaugḗs, “of grey-twilight”)
  • λῠκάων m (lŭkáōn, “man-wolf”)
  • λῠκέη f (lŭkéē, “wolfʼs-skin”)
  • λῠκεία f (lŭkeía, “helmet of wolf-skin”)
  • Λῠ́κειον n (Lŭ́keion)
  • λῠ́κειος (lŭ́keios, “of a wolf”)
  • λῠκῆ f (lŭkê, “'λῠκέη'”)
  • λῠκηδόν (lŭkēdón, “wolf-like”, adverb)
  • λῠκηθμός m (lŭkēthmós, “wolfʼs howl”)
  • Λῠκία f (Lŭkía)
  • Λῠκιάρχης m (Lŭkiárkhēs)
  • λῠκῐδεύς m (lŭkĭdeús, “wolfʼs cub”)
  • λῠ́κιον n (lŭ́kion, “Rhamnus petiolaris”)
  • Λῠ́κιος f (Lŭ́kios)
  • λῠκόβρωτος (lŭkóbrōtos, “eaten by wolves”)
  • λῠκοδίωκτος (lŭkodíōktos, “wolf-chased”)
  • λῠκοειδής (lŭkoeidḗs, “wolf-like”)
  • λῠκοεργής (lŭkoergḗs)
  • λῠκοθαρσής (lŭkotharsḗs, “not fearing wolves”)
  • λῠκοκτονέω (lŭkoktonéō, “slay wolves”)
  • λῠκοκτόνος (lŭkoktónos, “wolf-slaying”)
  • λῠ́κολυγξ m (lŭ́kolunx, “wolf-lynx”)
  • Λῠκομήδης m (Lŭkomḗdēs)
  • λῠκόμορφος (lŭkómorphos, “wolf-shaped”)
  • Λυκόοργος m (Lukóorgos)
  • λῠκοπάνθηρος m (lŭkopánthēros, “wolf-panther”)
  • λῠκοπέρσῐον n (lŭkopérsĭon)
  • Λῠκόπολῐς f (Lŭkópolĭs)
  • λῠκορραίστης m (lŭkorrhaístēs, “wolf-worrier”)
  • λῠκόσκορδον n (lŭkóskordon)
  • λῠκοσκῠτᾰ́λιον n (lŭkoskŭtắlion, “white mignonette”)
  • Λῠκόσουρα f (Lŭkósoura)
  • λῠκοσπάς m or f (lŭkospás, “torn by wolves”)
  • λῠκόστομος m (lŭkóstomos, “wolf-mouth, a kind of anchovy”)
  • Λῠκούργεια f (Lŭkoúrgeia, “trilogy of Aeschylus”)
  • Λῠκοῦργος m (Lŭkoûrgos)
  • λῠκόφθαλμος f (lŭkóphthalmos, “wolf-eye, precious stone”)
  • λῠκόφθαλμος (lŭkóphthalmos, “wolf-eye, precious stone”)
  • λῠκοφῐλία f (lŭkophĭlía, “wolfʼs false friendship”)
  • λῠκοφῐ́λιος (lŭkophĭ́lios)
  • λῠκοφόρος (lŭkophóros, “with mark of a wolf”)
  • λῠκόφρυς f (lŭkóphrus, “a plant”)
  • λῠκόφρων m or f (lŭkóphrōn, “wolf-minded”)
  • λυκόφων m (lukóphōn, “a plant”)
  • λῠκόφως n (lŭkóphōs, “twilight, gloaming”)
  • λῠκόχροος (lŭkókhroos, “wolf-coloured”), λῠκόχρους
  • λῠκοψία f (lŭkopsía, “twilight”)
  • λῠκόω (lŭkóō, “to tear like a wolf”)
  • λῠκώ f (lŭkṓ, “she-wolf epithet of the Moon”)
  • λῠκώδης (lŭkṓdēs, “wolf-like”)
  • μονόλῠκος m (monólŭkos, “solitary”)

Descendants

  • Greek: λύκος (lýkos)
  • Mariupol Greek: лы́кус (lýkus)
  • Tsakonian: λιούκο (lioúko)
  • → Latin: lycos
  • → Samoan: luko (learned)
    • → Tokelauan: luko (learned)

References

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlikos/
  • Hyphenation: λύ‧κος

Noun

λύκος • (lýkos) m (plural λύκοι, feminine λύκαινα)

  1. wolf
  2. wolfdog
  3. aggressive and bloodthirsty person
  4. (pathology) lupus
  5. cock of old hunting gun

Declension

Declension of λύκος
singular plural
nominative λύκος (lýkos) λύκοι (lýkoi)
genitive λύκου (lýkou) λύκων (lýkon)
accusative λύκο (lýko) λύκους (lýkous)
vocative λύκε (lýke) λύκοι (lýkoi)

Derived terms

Expressions
  • ο λύκος ουρλιάζει (ourliázei)
  • πεινάω σα λύκος (peináo sa lýkos)
  • στο στόμα του λύκου (sto stóma tou lýkou, “into the lion's den”, literally “into the wolf's mouth-”)
  • τρώω σα λύκος (tróo sa lýkos)
Proverbs

λυκ- and see λύσσα

λυκ-
  • γερόλυκος m (gerólykos)
  • θαλασσόλυκος m (thalassólykos)
  • λύκαινα f (lýkaina, “she-wolf”)
  • λυκάκι n (lykáki, “wolf cub”)
  • λυκανθρωπία f (lykanthropía) (medicine)
  • λυκάνθρωπος m (lykánthropos, “man-wolf”)
  • λυκαυγές n (lykavgés, “first twilight”)
  • λυκειάρχης m (lykeiárchis, “lyceum director”)
  • λύκειο n (lýkeio, “lyceum”)
  • λυκίσκος m (lykískos, “Lupus constellation”)
  • λυκίσκος m (lykískos, “hop, Homulus lupulus”)
  • λυκόπουλο n (lykópoulo, “wolf cub”)
  • λυκόσκυλο n (lykóskylo, “german shepherd dog, or wolfdog”)
  • λυκόστομα n (lykóstoma) (medicine)
  • λυκοφιλία f (lykofilía, “wolfʼs false friendship”)
  • λυκοφωλιά f (lykofoliá, “wolf's den”)
  • λυκόφως n (lykófos, “twilight”)

Further reading

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