μονογενής

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

μουνογενής (mounogenḗs) — Epic, Ionic

Etymology

μόνος (mónos, “only”) +‎ -γενής (-genḗs, “of a kind”)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ɡe.nɛ̌ːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ɡeˈne̝s/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/

Adjective

μονογενής • (monogenḗs) m or f (neuter μονογενές); third declension

being the only member of a kin or kind
1. (Christianity, of Christ) only-begotten of the Father
  - 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of John 1:18
only, single
- Ant., Lib. 32.1
unique
- 360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 31b
- 412 CE – 485 CE, Proclus, Elements of Theology 22
(grammar) having one form for all genders
- 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Adverbs 145.18
(poetry, substantive) a metrical foot of four syllables (— — — ⏑), fourth epitrite ^{The template Template:rfc-sense does not use the parameter(s): 2="substantive" lacks gender
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
- Hephaestio, Collected Works 3.3

; (as adverb) ^{The template Template:rfc-sense does not use the parameter(s): 2=according to the sources the adverb is [[μονογενῶς]] (cp. [[-ῶς]])
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

only
- Peripl.M.Rubr. 56
in a unique manner
- 400 CE – 600 CE, Aëtius, Sixteen Books on Medicine 15.13
  15.14

Declension

Third declension of μονογενής; μονογενές (contracted, Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	μονογενής monogenḗs	μονογενές monogenés	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖς monogeneîs	μονογενῆ monogenê
Genitive	μονογενοῦς monogenoûs	μονογενοῦς monogenoûs	μονογενοῖν monogenoîn	μονογενοῖν monogenoîn	μονογενῶν monogenôn	μονογενῶν monogenôn
Dative	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενοῖν monogenoîn	μονογενοῖν monogenoîn	μονογενέσῐ / μονογενέσῐν monogenésĭ(n)	μονογενέσῐ / μονογενέσῐν monogenésĭ(n)
Accusative	μονογενῆ monogenê	μονογενές monogenés	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖς monogeneîs	μονογενῆ monogenê
Vocative	μονογενές monogenés	μονογενές monogenés	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖς monogeneîs	μονογενῆ monogenê
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	μονογενῶς monogenôs		μονογενέστερος monogenésteros		μονογενέστᾰτος monogenéstătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

(foot): ἐπίτριτος τέταρτος (epítritos tétartos, “fourth epitrite”)

Derived terms

μονογένειᾰ (monogéneiă)
μονογένειον (monogéneion) (Byzantine)
μονογενητής (monogenētḗs) (Byzantine)
μονογενητῐκός (monogenētĭkós) (Byzantine)
μονογεννητός (monogennētós) (Byzantine)
μονογεννήτριᾰ (monogennḗtriă) (Byzantine)
μονογεννήτωρ (monogennḗtōr) (Byzantine)
μονογενῶς (monogenôs) (Byzantine)

Descendants

→ German: Monogenes m
→ Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂 (ainabaur) (calque)
→ Latin: Monogenēs
→ Latin: unigenitus (calque)
- → English: only-begotten (calque)
- → German: eingeboren (calque)
- → Italian: unigenito
- → Portuguese: unigénito, unigênito
- → Spanish: unigénito

References

“μονογενής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“μονογενής”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
μονογενής in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
G3439 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- only-begotten idem, page 574.