μόνος
See also: μονός
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *mónwos. For the ending, compare οἶος (oîos, “only, single”) from *óywos.[1] The etymology of the initial element is uncertain, but it may come from a Proto-Indo-European *men- (“small”); compare Ancient Greek μανός (manós, “sparse, rare”), Armenian մանր (manr, “slender, small”),[2] and possibly Proto-West Germanic *muniwu (“small fish, minnow”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mó.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈmo.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈmo.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈmo.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈmo.nos/
Adjective
μόνος • (mónos) m (feminine μόνη, neuter μόνον); first/second declension (Attic, Koine, Byzantine)
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | μόνος mónos |
μόνη mónē |
μόνον mónon |
μόνω mónō |
μόνᾱ mónā |
μόνω mónō |
μόνοι mónoi |
μόναι mónai |
μόνᾰ mónă | |||||
| Genitive | μόνου mónou |
μόνης mónēs |
μόνου mónou |
μόνοιν mónoin |
μόναιν mónain |
μόνοιν mónoin |
μόνων mónōn |
μόνων mónōn |
μόνων mónōn | |||||
| Dative | μόνῳ mónōi |
μόνῃ mónēi |
μόνῳ mónōi |
μόνοιν mónoin |
μόναιν mónain |
μόνοιν mónoin |
μόνοις mónois |
μόναις mónais |
μόνοις mónois | |||||
| Accusative | μόνον mónon |
μόνην mónēn |
μόνον mónon |
μόνω mónō |
μόνᾱ mónā |
μόνω mónō |
μόνους mónous |
μόνᾱς mónās |
μόνᾰ mónă | |||||
| Vocative | μόνε móne |
μόνη mónē |
μόνον mónon |
μόνω mónō |
μόνᾱ mónā |
μόνω mónō |
μόνοι mónoi |
μόναι mónai |
μόνᾰ mónă | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| μόνως mónōs |
μονώτερος monṓteros |
μονώτᾰτος monṓtătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Greek: μόνος (mónos)
- Mariupol Greek: мо́нос (mónos), мо́ну (mónu)
References
- ^ “mono-, combining form.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μόνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 965-6
Further reading
- “μόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- μόνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- “μόνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3441 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- alone idem, page 25.
- desolate idem, page 216.
- isolated idem, page 461.
- lonely idem, page 498.
- only idem, page 574.
- single idem, page 777.
- single-handed idem, page 779.
- singly idem, page 779.
- sole idem, page 792.
- solitary idem, page 792.
- unaided idem, page 906.
- unassisted idem, page 907.
- unattenend idem, page 907.
- unsupported idem, page 933.
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos).
Compare Mariupol Greek мо́нос (mónos), мо́ну (mónu).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmonos/
- Hyphenation: μό‧νος
Adjective
μόνος • (mónos) m (feminine μόνη, neuter μόνο)
- solitary, alone
- unmarried
- solo, unaccompanied
- unique, singular
- (used with an article) only
- Ο Κώστας ήταν ο μόνος που έτρεξε να βοηθήσει.
- O Kóstas ítan o mónos pou étrexe na voïthísei.
- Kostas was the only one to run for help.
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | μόνος (mónos) | μόνη (móni) | μόνο (móno) | μόνοι (mónoi) | μόνες (mónes) | μόνα (móna) | |
| genitive | μόνου (mónou) | μόνης (mónis) | μόνου (mónou) | μόνων (mónon) | μόνων (mónon) | μόνων (mónon) | |
| accusative | μόνο (móno) | μόνη (móni) | μόνο (móno) | μόνους (mónous) | μόνες (mónes) | μόνα (móna) | |
| vocative | μόνε (móne) | μόνη (móni) | μόνο (móno) | μόνοι (mónoi) | μόνες (mónes) | μόνα (móna) | |
Related terms
Further reading
- μόνος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language