σανδαράκη

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Long taken to be an Oriental loanword from an unknown source; Akkadian 𒅆𒅎𒌈 (ši-im-tum /⁠šindu, simṭu, šimtu⁠/, “pigment, paint, glue, varnish”) + Akkadian 𒅊 (ar-qu /⁠arqu, warqu, barqu, irqu⁠/, “yellow”), as Akkadian 𒅆𒅎𒌈 𒅊 (/⁠šindu arqu⁠/, “orpiment”, literally “yellow paint”) suggested already by Thompson is possible, but not specifically attested. Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the variation "κ/χ".

Has been connected with the synonymous Middle Armenian ջնարակ (ǰnarak).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κη • (săndărắkē) f (genitive σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κης); first declension

  1. sandarac, realgar
  2. red orpiment
  3. beebread
    Synonyms: ἐρῐθᾰ́κη (erĭthắkē), κήρῐνθος (kḗrĭnthos)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κη; τῆς σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κης (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κη
hē săndărắkē 		τὼ σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κᾱ
tṑ săndărắkā 		αἱ σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́και
hai săndărắkai
Genitive τῆς σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κης
tês săndărắkēs 		τοῖν σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́καιν
toîn săndărắkain 		τῶν σᾰνδᾰρᾰκῶν
tôn săndărăkôn
Dative τῇ σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κῃ
tēî săndărắkēi 		τοῖν σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́καιν
toîn săndărắkain 		ταῖς σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́καις
taîs săndărắkais
Accusative τὴν σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κην
tḕn săndărắkēn 		τὼ σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κᾱ
tṑ săndărắkā 		τᾱ̀ς σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κᾱς
tā̀s săndărắkās
Vocative σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κη
săndărắkē 		σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κᾱ
săndărắkā 		σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́και
săndărắkai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

  • σᾰνδᾰρᾰκῐ́ζω (săndărăkĭ́zō)
  • σᾰνδᾰρᾰ́κῐνος (săndărắkĭnos)
  • σᾰνδᾰρᾰκούργῐον (săndărăkoúrgĭon)

Descendants

  • → Aramaic:
    Classical Mandaic: ࡎࡉࡍࡃࡉࡓࡊࡀ
    Classical Syriac: ܣܢܕܪܟܐ, ܣܢܕܪܟܝܣ, ܣܢܕܪܟܝܢ, ܣܢܕܪܟܘܣ, ܣܢܕܪܝܫܐ, ܣܢܕܪܘܣ
    Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: סַנְדּרוֹס (sandarōs)
    • → Arabic: سَنْدَرُوس (sandarūs), سِنْدَلُوس (sindalūs)
      • → Middle Armenian: սանդարօս (sandarōs), սանդարաս (sandaras), սանտարօս (santarōs)
      • → Persian: سندروس (sandrus)
      • → Swahili: sandarusi
  • → Greek: σανδαράχη (sandaráchi) (learned)
  • → Mishnaic Hebrew: סַנְדּרוֹס (sandarōs)
  • → Latin: sandaraca

Further reading

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