στόμα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • στύμα (stúma) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *steh₃-mn̥ (“mouth, muzzle”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥 (staman, “mouth (of a dog)”), Welsh safn (“mouth, jaws”), Hittite [script needed] (ištāman-, “ear”), as well as, despite Beekes's objections, Proto-Germanic *stebnō (“voice, sound”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

στόμᾰ • (stómă) n (genitive στόμᾰτος); third declension

  1. mouth (especially as the organ of speech)
  2. face
  3. The source of a river or stream
  4. An opening or fissure in the earth
  5. The frontmost part of something

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ στόμᾰ; τοῦ στόμᾰτος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ στόμᾰ
tò stómă 		τὼ στόμᾰτε
tṑ stómăte 		τᾰ̀ στόμᾰτᾰ
tằ stómătă
Genitive τοῦ στόμᾰτος
toû stómătos 		τοῖν στομᾰ́τοιν
toîn stomắtoin 		τῶν στομᾰ́των
tôn stomắtōn
Dative τῷ στόμᾰτῐ
tōî stómătĭ 		τοῖν στομᾰ́τοιν
toîn stomắtoin 		τοῖς στόμᾰσῐ / στόμᾰσῐν
toîs stómăsĭ(n)
Accusative τὸ στόμᾰ
tò stómă 		τὼ στόμᾰτε
tṑ stómăte 		τᾰ̀ στόμᾰτᾰ
tằ stómătă
Vocative στόμᾰ
stómă 		στόμᾰτε
stómăte 		στόμᾰτᾰ
stómătă
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
Third declension of στόμᾰ; στόμᾰτος (Epic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative στόμᾰ
stómă 		στόμᾰτε
stómăte 		στόμᾰτᾰ
stómătă
Genitive στόμᾰτος
stómătos 		στομᾰ́τοιν / στομᾰ́τοιῐν
stomắtoi(ĭ)n 		στομᾰ́των
stomắtōn
Dative στόμᾰτῐ
stómătĭ 		στομᾰ́τοιν / στομᾰ́τοιῐν
stomắtoi(ĭ)n 		στόμᾰσῐ / στόμᾰσῐν / στομᾰ́τεσσῐ / στομᾰ́τεσσῐν / στομᾰ́τεσῐ / στομᾰ́τεσῐν
stómăsĭ(n) / stomắtessĭ(n) / stomắtesĭ(n)
Accusative στόμᾰ
stómă 		στόμᾰτε
stómăte 		στόμᾰτᾰ
stómătă
Vocative στόμᾰ
stómă 		στόμᾰτε
stómăte 		στόμᾰτᾰ
stómătă
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Greek:
    • Modern Greek: στόμα (stóma)
    • Tsakonian: τθούμα (tthoúma)
  • ⇒ Translingual: Platostoma

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “στόμα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1408

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma), from Proto-Indo-European *stomn̥, *stomen- (“mouth, muzzle”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsto.ma/

Noun

στόμα • (stóma) n (plural στόματα)

  1. (anatomy) mouth
  2. (synecdochically) person
    Η μάνα του είχε δέκα στόματα να θρέψει.
    I mána tou eíche déka stómata na thrépsei.
    His mother had ten mouths to feed.

Declension

Declension of στόμα
singular plural
nominative στόμα (stóma) στόματα (stómata)
genitive στόματος (stómatos) στομάτων (stomáton)
accusative στόμα (stóma) στόματα (stómata)
vocative στόμα (stóma) στόματα (stómata)

Further reading

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