συβώτης
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀱𐀦𐀲 (su-qo-ta), from Proto-Hellenic *sugʷṓtās, equivalent to σῦς (sûs, “swine”) + βω- (bō-, “to feed”) (from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃-) + -της (-tēs). Compare Latin subulcus.
The short vowel and preservation of initial /s/ are difficult to explain.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sy.bɔ̌ː.tɛːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /syˈbo.te̝s/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /syˈβo.tis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /syˈvo.tis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /siˈvo.tis/
Noun
σῠβώτης • (sŭbṓtēs) m (genitive σῠβώτου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic)
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ σῠβώτης ho sŭbṓtēs |
τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā |
οἱ σῠβῶται hoi sŭbôtai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ σῠβώτου toû sŭbṓtou |
τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain |
τῶν σῠβωτῶν tôn sŭbōtôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ σῠβώτῃ tōî sŭbṓtēi |
τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain |
τοῖς σῠβώταις toîs sŭbṓtais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν σῠβώτην tòn sŭbṓtēn |
τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā |
τοὺς σῠβώτᾱς toùs sŭbṓtās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σῠβῶτᾰ sŭbôtă |
σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā |
σῠβῶται sŭbôtai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | σῠβώτης sŭbṓtēs |
σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā |
σῠβῶται sŭbôtai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | σῠβώτᾱο / σῠβώτε͜ω / σῠβώτω sŭbṓtāo / sŭbṓte͜ō / sŭbṓtō |
σῠβώταιν / σῠβώταιῐν / σῠβώτῃῐν sŭbṓtai(ĭ)n / sŭbṓtēiĭn |
σῠβωτᾱ́ων / σῠβωτέ͜ων / σῠβωτῶν sŭbōtā́ōn / sŭbōté͜ōn / sŭbōtôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | σῠβώτῃ sŭbṓtēi |
σῠβώταιν / σῠβώταιῐν / σῠβώτῃῐν sŭbṓtai(ĭ)n / sŭbṓtēiĭn |
σῠβώτῃσῐ / σῠβώτῃσῐν / σῠβώτῃς / σῠβώταις sŭbṓtēisĭ(n) / sŭbṓtēis / sŭbṓtais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | σῠβώτην sŭbṓtēn |
σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā |
σῠβώτᾱς sŭbṓtās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σῠβῶτᾰ sŭbôtă |
σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā |
σῠβῶται sŭbôtai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ σῠβώτης ho sŭbṓtēs |
τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā |
οἱ σῠβῶται hoi sŭbôtai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ σῠβώτεω / σῠβώτω toû sŭbṓteō / sŭbṓtō |
τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain |
τῶν σῠβωτέων / σῠβωτῶν tôn sŭbōtéōn / sŭbōtôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ σῠβώτῃ tōî sŭbṓtēi |
τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain |
τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν σῠβώτῃσῐ / σῠβώτῃσῐν toîsĭ(n) sŭbṓtēisĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν σῠβώτην tòn sŭbṓtēn |
τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā |
τοὺς σῠβώτᾱς toùs sŭbṓtās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σῠβῶτᾰ sŭbôtă |
σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā |
σῠβῶται sŭbôtai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Further reading
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σῦς, συός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1425
- “συβώτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- swineherd idem, page 849.