τύμπανον
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- τῠ́πᾰνον (tŭ́pănon) — poetic
- τῠ́μπᾰνος (tŭ́mpănos)
Etymology
From τῠ́πτω (tŭ́ptō, “to strike, beat, smite”) + -ᾰνον (-ănon).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tým.pa.non/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtym.pa.non/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtym.pa.non/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtym.pa.non/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈtim.ba.non/
Noun
τῠ́μπᾰνον • (tŭ́mpănon) n (genitive τῠμπᾰ́νου); second declension
- (music) drum, kettledrum
- 484 BCE – 425 BCE, Herodotus, 4.76:
- ἐς ταύτην δὴ κᾰτᾰδῠ̀ς ὁ Ᾰ̓νᾰ́χᾰρσῐς τὴν ὁρτὴν ἐπετέλεε πᾶσᾰν τῇ θεῷ, τῠ́μπᾰνον τε ἔχων καὶ ἐκδησᾰ́μενος ᾰ̓γᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ.
- es taútēn dḕ kătădŭ̀s ho Ănắkhărsĭs tḕn hortḕn epetélee pâsăn tēî theōî, tŭ́mpănon te ékhōn kaì ekdēsắmenos ăgắlmătă.
- Hidden there, Anacharsis celebrated the goddess' ritual with exactness, carrying a small drum and hanging images about himself.
- ἐς ταύτην δὴ κᾰτᾰδῠ̀ς ὁ Ᾰ̓νᾰ́χᾰρσῐς τὴν ὁρτὴν ἐπετέλεε πᾶσᾰν τῇ θεῷ, τῠ́μπᾰνον τε ἔχων καὶ ἐκδησᾰ́μενος ᾰ̓γᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ.
- instrument of torture
- wheel in a machine, cylinder or drum of a piston
- (architecture) sunken triangular space enclosed by the cornice of the pediment; square panel of a door
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ τῠ́μπᾰνον tò tŭ́mpănon |
τὼ τῠμπᾰ́νω tṑ tŭmpắnō |
τᾰ̀ τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ tằ tŭ́mpănă | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ τῠμπᾰ́νου toû tŭmpắnou |
τοῖν τῠμπᾰ́νοιν toîn tŭmpắnoin |
τῶν τῠμπᾰ́νων tôn tŭmpắnōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ τῠμπᾰ́νῳ tōî tŭmpắnōi |
τοῖν τῠμπᾰ́νοιν toîn tŭmpắnoin |
τοῖς τῠμπᾰ́νοις toîs tŭmpắnois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ τῠ́μπᾰνον tò tŭ́mpănon |
τὼ τῠμπᾰ́νω tṑ tŭmpắnō |
τᾰ̀ τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ tằ tŭ́mpănă | ||||||||||
| Vocative | τῠ́μπᾰνον tŭ́mpănon |
τῠμπᾰ́νω tŭmpắnō |
τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ tŭ́mpănă | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἐκτῠμπᾰ́νωσῐς (ektŭmpắnōsĭs)
- ἡμῐτῠμπᾰ́νῐστος (hēmĭtŭmpắnĭstos)
- περῐτῠμπᾰνῐ́ζομαι (perĭtŭmpănĭ́zomai)
- τῠμπᾰνᾰ́ρῐος (tŭmpănắrĭos)
- τῠμπᾰνεύς (tŭmpăneús)
- τῠμπᾰνῐ́ζω (tŭmpănĭ́zō)
- τῠμπᾰνῐκός (tŭmpănĭkós)
- τῠμπᾰ́νῐον (tŭmpắnĭon)
- τῠμπᾰνῑ́της (tŭmpănī́tēs)
- τῠμπᾰνόδουπος (tŭmpănódoupos)
- τῠμπᾰνοειδής (tŭmpănoeidḗs)
- τῠμπᾰνόεις (tŭmpănóeis)
- τῠμπᾰνόομαι (tŭmpănóomai)
- τῠμπᾰνοτερπής (tŭmpănoterpḗs)
- τῠμπᾰνοτρῐ́βης (tŭmpănotrĭ́bēs)
- τῠμπᾰνοφορέομαι (tŭmpănophoréomai)
- τῠμπᾰνώδης (tŭmpănṓdēs)
- φῐλογᾰλλοβρᾰχειονοτῠ́μπᾰνος (phĭlogăllobrăkheionotŭ́mpănos)
Descendants
References
- “τύμπανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τύμπανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- τύμπανον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “timbre”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 255
- τύμπανον, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011