χείρ

See also: χειρ and χειρ-

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • χέρς (khérs), χήρ (khḗr) — Doric
  • χέρρας (khérrhas) — Aeolic, accusative plural

Etymology

    From Proto-Hellenic *kʰéhər, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr (“hand”). Cognate with Old Armenian ձեռն (jeṙn), Old Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t /⁠dasta⁠/), Albanian dorë (“hand”), Tocharian A tsar, and Latin hir (“hand”).[1]

    Pronunciation

     

    Noun

    χείρ • (kheír) f (genitive χειρός); third declension

    1. hand
    2. arm (or hand and arm taken together)
      • 1843, Longus quoted in Liddell Scott Jones, Ancient Greek Lexicon:
        (Il.6.81) εν χερσὶ γυναικων πεσέειν (into the arms)
        (Il.6.81) en khersì gunaikōn peséein (into the arms)
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    3. paw of an animal
    4. finger

    Declension

    Third declension of ἡ χείρ; τῆς χειρός (Attic)
    Case / # Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative ἡ χείρ
    hē kheír     		τὼ χεῖρε
    tṑ kheîre     		αἱ χεῖρες
    hai kheîres
    Genitive τῆς χειρός
    tês kheirós     		τοῖν χεροῖν
    toîn kheroîn     		τῶν χερῶν / χειρῶν
    tôn kherôn / kheirôn
    Dative τῇ χειρῐ́
    tēî kheirĭ́     		τοῖν χεροῖν
    toîn kheroîn     		ταῖς χερσί / χερσίν / χείρεσσι / χείρεσσιν
    taîs khersí(n) / kheíressi(n)
    Accusative τὴν χεῖρᾰ
    tḕn kheîră     		τὼ χεῖρε
    tṑ kheîre     		τᾱ̀ς χεῖρᾰς
    tā̀s kheîrăs
    Vocative χείρ
    kheír     		χεῖρε
    kheîre     		χεῖρες
    kheîres
    Notes:
    • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • → English: chiro-, chiral, chirality
    • Koine Greek: χέριον (khérion) (diminutive)
      • Byzantine Greek: χέριν (khérin)
    • → Greek: χειρ (cheir)

    References

    1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χείρ, χειρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1620-1

    Further reading

    • “χείρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “χείρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “χείρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
    • χείρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
    • χείρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
    • “χείρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
    • G5495 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
    • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 382
    • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
    • χείρ, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
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