Бахмут

• IPA^(key): [ˈbaxmut]
• Hyphenation: Бах‧мут

Бахмут • (Bahmut) m (relational adjective бахмутски, vocative Бахмуте)

1. Bakhmut (a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine)

• Бахму́тъ (Baxmút) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

• Бахму́т: IPA^(key): [bɐxˈmut]
• Ба́хмут: IPA^(key): [ˈbaxmʊt] (sometimes proscribed)

• Audio:

  (file)

Бахму́т • (Baxmút) m inan (genitive Бахму́та, relational adjective бахму́тский)

1. Bakhmut (a city in Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine)

   Synonym: (historical or in Russian politics) Артёмовск (Artjómovsk)

Named after the nearby Bakhmutka River (aka Bakhmut River), the name of which apparently derives from the word бахма́т (baxmát, “pony; war-horse, pack-horse”) (cf. Russian бахма́т (baxmát) and Polish bachmat), from a Turkic language).^[1] Regarding the word бахмат (baxmat) (and its Russian and Polish cognates), linguists offer the following hypotheses:

• It is considered a borrowing from a Turkic (Crimean Tatar, or rather Nogai) language paχn at, in which it is explained (according to Lokotsch^[2] and Miklosich,^[3] for example) as a compound word formed from Persian پهن (pahn, “wide, broad”) (cf. Ottoman Turkish پهن (pehn)) + at (“horse”) of Common Turkic origin (cf. Nogai at, Crimean Tatar at).^[4] Vasmer considers this highly unlikely.^[5]
• Menges derives it from a Turkic form of the name Mähmäd ("Mohammed")^[6] (cf. Old East Slavic Бохмитъ (Boxmitŭ, “Магомет/Magomet”).^[7]

• IPA^(key): [bɐxˈmut]

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈbaxmʊt] (sometimes proscribed)

Бахму́т • (Baxmút) m inan (genitive Бахму́та, uncountable, relational adjective бахму́тський)

1. Bakhmut (a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine)

   Synonym: (historical) Арте́мівськ (Artémivsʹk)

• “Бахмут”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “бахмат”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 89
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “бахмат”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 128, pages 11-12
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бахмат”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: ProgressVasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бахмат”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress