дитя
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dʲɪˈtʲa]
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old East Slavic дѣтѧ (dětę), from Proto-Slavic *dětę. The и of the first syllable in the singular is from дити́на (ditína), nowadays written дети́на (detína) by analogy with the accented де́ти (déti), with regular distant assimilation ѣ…и́ > и…и́. An alternative formulation by Šakhmatov (ѣ > и before a soft consonant) explains these forms more directly.
Alternative forms
- дитё (ditjó) — non-standard, partially declinable
Noun
дитя́ • (ditjá) n anim (genitive дитя́ти, nominative plural де́ти, genitive plural дете́й, relational adjective де́тский) (see note on oblique forms)
Usage notes
- The oblique cases of singular дитя, except for the accusative case, are never used in speech and seldom in modern prose writing, as many native speakers do not intuitively understand their exact inflectional roles in relation to дитя, and may consider them strange or even un-Russian. Instead, the corresponding cases of ребёнок (rebjónok) are used.
- The plural forms are standard and in common use, and serve as the normal plural forms of ребёнок (rebjónok).
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | дитя́△ ditjá△ |
де́ти△ déti△ |
genitive | дитя́ти* ditjáti* |
дете́й△ detéj△ |
dative | дитя́ти* ditjáti* |
де́тям△ détjam△ |
accusative | дитя́△ ditjá△ |
дете́й△ detéj△ |
instrumental | дитя́тей△*, дитя́тею△* ditjátej△*, ditjáteju△* |
детьми́△ detʹmí△ |
prepositional | дитя́ти* ditjáti* |
де́тях△ détjax△ |
△ Irregular.
* Not used.
Related terms
Etymology 2
Noun
дитя́ • (ditjá) n anim or n anim pl
- inflection of дитё (ditjó):
- genitive singular
- nominative plural
Further reading
- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “дитя”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Old East Slavic дѣтѧ (dětę), from Proto-Slavic *dětę.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [deˈtʲa]
Audio: (file)
Noun
дитя́ • (dytjá) n pers (genitive дитя́ти, nominative plural дитя́та, genitive plural дитя́т, relational adjective дитя́чий, diminutive дитя́тко)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | дитя́ dytjá |
дитя́та dytjáta |
genitive | дитя́ти dytjáty |
дитя́т dytját |
dative | дитя́ті dytjáti |
дитя́там dytjátam |
accusative | дитя́ dytjá |
дитя́т dytját |
instrumental | дитя́м dytjám |
дитя́тами dytjátamy |
locative | дитя́ті dytjáti |
дитя́тах dytjátax |
vocative | дитя́ dytjá |
дитя́та dytjáta |
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “дитя”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “дитя”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)