пуля
Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Middle Russian пуля (pulja, “bullet, arquebus projectile”), att. since 1620s. As suggested by Chernykh and proven by Zoltan, a back-formation from пулька (pulʹka, “bullet; projectile in general”) (att. 1580s), itself a dissimilated borrowing from Old Ruthenian кулька (kulʹka) (att. 1550s), from Middle Polish kulka, from Old Polish kulka (att. 1497), from kula (att. 1461), from Middle High German kūle, a rare variant of kugele, itself of uncertain origin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpulʲə]
Audio: (file) Audio: (file)
Noun
пу́ля • (púlja) f inan (genitive пу́ли, nominative plural пу́ли, genitive plural пуль, relational adjective пулево́й, diminutive пу́лька)
- (strictly) bullet (projectile)
- (loosely) cartridge (assembled package of bullet, primer and casing)
- Synonym: патро́н (patrón)
Declension
Derived terms
- противопу́льный (protivopúlʹnyj)
- пу́лей (púlej)
- пуля́ть impf (puljátʹ), запули́ть pf (zapulítʹ)
- пуля́лка f (puljálka)
Compound words:
- пуле- (pule-)
- пулеви́дный (pulevídnyj)
- пулеле́йка f (puleléjka)
- пулемёт m (pulemjót)
- пуленепробива́емый (puleneprobivájemyj)
- пулесто́йкий (pulestójkij)
- Phrases
- как из говна́ пу́ля (kak iz govná púlja)
Collocations
- под пуля́ми (pod puljámi)
Descendants
- → Yakut: буулдьа (buulja)
Further reading
- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “пуля”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.