אלול

• ܐܝܠܘܠ (elul)

From Akkadian 𒌗𒆥 (ITI.KIN /⁠ulūlu, elūlu⁠/).

אֱלוּל • (ʾelul) m

1. September
2. Elul

• Classical Syriac: ܐܠܘܠ (ʾelul),ܐܝܠܘܠ

• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature‎^[1], London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 67

From Akkadian 𒌗𒆥 (^itieluli).

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אֱלוּל • ('elúl) m

1. (Judaism) Elul (the twelfth month of the civil year and the sixth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Av and before Tishrei)
   • Tanach, Nehemiah 6:15, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     וַתִּשְׁלַם הַחוֹמָה בְּעֶשְׂרִים וַחֲמִשָּׁה לֶאֱלוּל לַחֲמִשִּׁים וּשְׁנַיִם יוֹם׃

     va-tishlám ha-ḥomá b-'esrím va-ḥamishá le-Elúl la-ḥamishím u-shnáyim yom.

     So the wall was finished in the twenty and fifth day of the month Elul, in fifty and two days.

   • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah. Shekalim, section 3.1:

     רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמְרִים, בְּאֶחָד בְּנִיסָן, בְּאֶחָד בְּסִיוָן, בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְתִשְׁעָה בֶּאֱלוּל. מִפְּנֵי מָה אָמְרוּ בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְתִשְׁעָה בֶּאֱלוּל, וְלֹא אָמְרוּ בְּאֶחָד בְּתִשְׁרֵי? מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא יוֹם טוֹב, וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְעַשֵּׂר בְּיוֹם טוֹב. לְפִיכָךְ הִקְדִּימוּהוּ לְעֶשְׂרִים וְתִשְׁעָה בֶּאֱלוּל:

     Rabbí El'azár v-rabbí Shim'ón omrím, b-eḥad b-Nisán, b-eḥad b-Siván, b-'esrim v-tish'á be-Elul. Mipné má amrú b-'esrím v-tish'á be-Elúl v-lo amrú b-eḥád b-tishré? Mipné she-hú yom ṭov, v-i efshár l'asér b-yom ṭov. L'fikhákh hiqdimúhu l-'esrím v-tish'á be-Elúl.

     Rabbi Eleazar and Rabbi Shimon say: on the first of Nisan, the first of Sivan, and the twenty-ninth of Elul. Why did they say the twenty-ninth of Elul rather than the first of Tishri? Because the first of Tishri is a holiday, and one cannot tithe on a holiday, so they advanced it to the twenty-ninth of Elul.

   • a. 425 C.E., Jerusalem Talmud. Shekalim, section 3.1:

     רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר: בְּאֶחָד בֶּאֱלוּל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה לְמַעְשַׂר בְּהֵמָה. בֶּן עַזַּיי אוֹמֵר: הָאֱלוּלִיִּים מִתְעַשְּׂרִין בִּפְנֵי עַצְמָן

     Rabbí Meír omér: b-eḥád be-Elúl rosh ha-shaná l-ma'sár b'hemá. Ben 'Azzái omér: ha-eluliyím mit'asrín bi-fney atsmán.

     Rabbi Meir says: the first of Elul is the yearly due date for the animal tithe. Ben Azzai says: the Elul-born are tithed separately.

   • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud. Rosh Hashanah, 14b:

     מִימוֹת עֶזְרָא וְאֵילָךְ לֹא מָצִינוּ אֱלוּל מְעוּבָּר

     Mi-ymót 'Ezrá v-éilakh lo matsínu Elúl m'ubar.

     Since the days of Ezra we have never found Elul to be a long month.

From Hebrew אֱלוּל.

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛləl/
• (Some southern speakers) IPA^(key): /ˈɛlɪl/

אלול • (elel) m

1. (Judaism) Elul (the twelfth month of the civil year and the sixth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Av and before Tishrei)