ירד

Hebrew

Root
י־ר־ד (y-r-d)
6 terms

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *warad-. Cognate to Ugaritic 𐎊𐎗𐎄 (yrd, “to go down”), Arabic وَرَدَ (warada, “to come, to arrive”), Ge'ez ወረደ (wärädä, “to descend”) and Akkadian 𒉿𒊏𒁺𒌝 (warādum, “to go down to lower ground, to come ashore, to go downhill or downstream”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

יָרַד • (yarád) (pa'al construction, infinitive לָרֶדֶת)

  1. To go down, descend.
    • רונה קינן, הסולם
      אבא שלך טיפס על סולם...ושכח איך לָרֶדֶת
      Your father climbed the ladder... and forgot how to get down.
    יורד גשם. ― yoréd géshem. ― It is raining. [literally, Rain is descending.]
  2. To go down, decline, decrease.
  3. (somewhat derogatory) To emigrate from Israel, or (humorous) from another country.
  4. (colloquial) To criticize, lambaste, roast [with על (al) ‘on’].
  5. To get out of a vehicle.
  6. (colloquial, vulgar) To give fellatio or cunnilingus [with ל־ (l') ‘on’].

Conjugation

Conjugation of יָרַד (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לָרֶדֶת
action noun יְרִידָה
passive participle יָרוּד
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first יָרַדְתִּי יָרַדְנוּ
second יָרַדְתָּ יָרַדְתְּ יְרַדְתֶּם1 יְרַדְתֶּן1
third יָרַד יָרְדָה יָרְדוּ
present יוֹרֵד יוֹרֶדֶת יוֹרְדִים יוֹרְדוֹת
future first אֵרֵד נֵרֵד
second תֵּרֵד תֵּרְדִי תֵּרְדוּ תֵּרֵדְנָה2
third יֵרֵד תֵּרֵד יֵרְדוּ תֵּרֵדְנָה2
imperative רֵד רְדִי רְדוּ רֵדְנָה2

1 Pronounced יָרַדְתֶּם and יָרַדְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of “descend”): עלה (alá, “go up, ascend”)
  • (antonym(s) of “decrease”): עלה (alá, “go up, increase”)
  • (antonym(s) of “emigrate from Israel”): עלה (alá, “to make aliyah”)

Derived terms

Proper noun

יֶרֶד • (yéred) m

  1. (biblical) Jared (a man mentioned in the Book of Genesis, a descendant of Adam and of Seth, the father of Enoch, an ancestor of Noah)

References

Further reading

Anagrams

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