آفتاب

Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (āftāb).

Noun

آفتاب • (āftāb) m (Devanagari आफताब)

Sun

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian (âftâb).

Noun

آفتاب • (afitab)

sun
Synonyms: شمس (şems), گونش (güneş)

Persian

Alternative forms

افتو (aftow) (dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh, Dashtestan, southwestern Fars)

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭯𐭲𐭠𐭡 (ʾptʾb /⁠āftāb⁠/, “sunshine”) (compare [Psalter Pahlavi needed] (ʾpdʾb /⁠ābdāb⁠/)), from Proto-Iranian *abi-tāpáh^[1] Equivalent to (âf) +‎ (tâb).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʔaːf.ˈtaːb/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːf.t̪ʰɑ́ːb]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.t̪ʰǽw]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːf.t̪ʰɔ́ːb̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːf.t̪ʰɒ́ːb̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔf.t̪ʰɔ́b]

Readings
Classical reading^?	āftāb
Dari reading^?	āftāb
Iranian reading^?	âftâb
Tajik reading^?	oftob

Audio (Iran): (file)
Rhymes: -ɑːb

Noun


Iranian Persian	آفتاب
Dari	آفتاب
Tajik	офтоб

آفتاب • (âftâb)

sunlight, sunshine
Coordinate term: مهتاب (mahtâb, “moonlight”)
sun
Synonym: خورشید (xoršid)

Coordinate term: ماه (mâh, “moon”)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3779:
  از ره پنهان که دور از حس ماست
  آفتاب چرخ را بس راههاست
  az rah-i pinhān ki dūr az hiss-i mā-st
  āftāb-i čarx rā bas rāh-hā-st
  By the hidden way that is remote from our sense-perception.
  The sun in heaven hath many ways

Derived terms

آفتابی (âftâbi)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: aftab
→ Bengali: আফতাব (aphtab)
→ Chagatai:
- Uyghur: ئاپتاپ (aptap)
- Uzbek: oftob
- → Kazakh: аптап (aptap)
→ Gujarati: આફતાબ (āphatāb)
→ Classical Malay:
- Indonesian: aftab
- Malay: aftab
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: आफ़ताब (āftāb)

Urdu: آفتاب (āftāb)
→ Punjabi: ਆਫ਼ਤਾਬ (āfatāb)
→ Yagnobi: офтоб (oftob)

References

^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*tap”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (āftāb).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɑːf.t̪ɑːb/
Rhymes: -ɑːb

Noun

آفْتاب • (āftāb) m (Hindi spelling आफ़ताब)

Sun

References

“آفتاب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“آفتاب”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.

[1] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*tap”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1]