تاب

Denominal verb of تَوْبَة (tawba). Doublet of ثَابَ (ṯāba).

• IPA^(key): /taː.ba/

تَابَ • (tāba) I (non-past يَتُوبُ (yatūbu), verbal noun تَوْب (tawb) or تَوْبَة (tawba) or مَتَاب (matāb))

1. to repent, to be penitent [with إِلَى (ʔilā) ‘to God’, along with عَنْ (ʕan) or مِنْ (min) ‘of a sin’]

   Synonyms: ثَابَ (ṯāba), رَجَعَ (rajaʕa), آبَ (ʔāba), أَنَابَ (ʔanāba), نَابَ (nāba)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:143:

     فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَـٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَيۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ

     falammā ʔafāqa qāla subḥānaka tubtu ʔilayka waʔana ʔawwalu l-muʔminīna

     And when he (Moses) awoke, he said: "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first of believers!"

2. to accept repentance [with عَلَى (ʕalā)]
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:17:

     إِنَّمَا ٱلتَّوْبَةُ عَلَى اللَّهِ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ ٱلسُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُونَ مِن قَرِيبٍ فَأُولَٰئِكَ يَتُوبُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا

     ʔinnamā t-tawbatu ʕalā l-lahi lillaḏīna yaʕmalūna s-sūʔa bijahālatin ṯumma yatūbūna min qarībin faʔūlāʔika yatūbu l-lahu ʕalayhim wakāna l-lahu ʕalīman ḥakīman

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• تَوَّاب (tawwāb)

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *tāp-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tāpás, from Proto-Indo-European *tep-.^[1]

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

تاب • (tâb)

1. present stem form of تافتن (tâftan, “to glow, to be warm”)

تاب • (tâb)

1. heat, warmth
2. glow, radiance
3. burning, illumination

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *tāp-, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *temp-, extended form of *ten- (“to stretch”).^[2]

تاب • (tâb)

1. present stem form of تافتن (tâftan, “to twist, to turn away”)

تاب • (tâb)

1. swing (hanging seat)
2. (poetic) curly lock of hair

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

تاب • (tâb)

1. strength, ability
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 216:

     گفت و گوی او کنم تا صبح هر شب در خیال
     تاب وصلش چون ندارم از خیال خود خوشم

     guft u gō-yi ō kunam tā subh har šab dar xayāl
     tāb-i waslaš čūn na-dāram az xayāl-i xwad xwašam

     Every night, I converse with her until dawn in my dreams;
     As I do not have the strength to meet her, I am pleased with my dreams.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “تاب”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul