تبن

See also: بتن and تثن

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ب ن ن (b n n)
1 term

Noun

تَبَنٍّ • (tabanninm (construct state تَبَنِّي (tabannī))

  1. verbal noun of تَبَنَّى (tabannā) (form V)
  2. adoption
Declension
Declension of noun تَبَنٍّ (tabannin)
singular singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)
indefinite definite construct
informal تَبَنِّي
tabannī
التَّبَنِّي
at-tabannī
تَبَنِّي
tabannī
nominative تَبَنٍّ
tabannin
التَّبَنِّي
at-tabannī
تَبَنِّي
tabannī
accusative تَبَنِّيًا
tabanniyan
التَّبَنِّيَ
at-tabanniya
تَبَنِّيَ
tabanniya
genitive تَبَنٍّ
tabannin
التَّبَنِّي
at-tabannī
تَبَنِّي
tabannī

Etymology 2.1

Likely borrowed from Aramaic תִּבְנָא / ܬܒܢܐ (teḇnā, straw), which is suspected mainly because of the varying vocalization, and also because this root is underdeveloped or it has the unrelated meaning of a “bowl”. The Aramaic might in turn come from Akkadian 𒅔𒉡𒁕 (/⁠tibnu⁠/, straw) but can likewise be cognate. Else the word is only present in Hebrew תֶּבֶן (teḇen, straw), in which language there is nothing to relate to either.

Noun

تِبْن or تَبْن • (tibn or tabnm (collective, plural أَتْبَان (ʔatbān))

  1. straw; hay
Declension
Declension of noun تِبْن (tibn)‎; تَبْن (tabn)
collective basic collective triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal تِبْن‎; تَبْن
tibn‎; tabn
التِّبْن‎; التَّبْن
at-tibn‎; at-tabn
تِبْن‎; تَبْن
tibn‎; tabn
nominative تِبْنٌ‎; تَبْنٌ
tibnun‎; tabnun
التِّبْنُ‎; التَّبْنُ
at-tibnu‎; at-tabnu
تِبْنُ‎; تَبْنُ
tibnu‎; tabnu
accusative تِبْنًا‎; تَبْنًا
tibnan‎; tabnan
التِّبْنَ‎; التَّبْنَ
at-tibna‎; at-tabna
تِبْنَ‎; تَبْنَ
tibna‎; tabna
genitive تِبْنٍ‎; تَبْنٍ
tibnin‎; tabnin
التِّبْنِ‎; التَّبْنِ
at-tibni‎; at-tabni
تِبْنِ‎; تَبْنِ
tibni‎; tabni
plural of variety basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal أَتْبَان
ʔatbān
الْأَتْبَان
al-ʔatbān
أَتْبَان
ʔatbān
nominative أَتْبَانٌ
ʔatbānun
الْأَتْبَانُ
al-ʔatbānu
أَتْبَانُ
ʔatbānu
accusative أَتْبَانًا
ʔatbānan
الْأَتْبَانَ
al-ʔatbāna
أَتْبَانَ
ʔatbāna
genitive أَتْبَانٍ
ʔatbānin
الْأَتْبَانِ
al-ʔatbāni
أَتْبَانِ
ʔatbāni
Derived terms
  • تَبَنَ (tabana, to give straw to)
  • تَبَّان (tabbān, straw vendor)
  • تَبَّنَ (tabbana, to feed straw to; to bung, to cork)
  • تَتَبَّنَ (tatabbana, to be bunged, to be corked)
  • تِبْنِيّ (tibniyy, straw-related; straw-coloured)
  • مَتْبَن (matban, place where the straw is stacked)

Etymology 2.2

Denominal verb of تِبْن (tibn, straw). In the “to bung” sense allegedly motivated by Spanish taponar.

Verb

تَبَنَ • (tabana) I (non-past يَتْبِنُ (yatbinu), verbal noun تَبْن (tabn))

  1. to give straw to, to feed with straw; to sell straw
Conjugation
Conjugation of تَبَنَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive (?), verbal noun تَبْن)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَبْن
tabn
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
تَابِن
tābin
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَتْبُون
matbūn
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m تَبَنْتُ
tabantu
تَبَنْتَ
tabanta
تَبَنَ
tabana
تَبَنْتُمَا
tabantumā
تَبَنَا
tabanā
تَبَنَّا
tabannā
تَبَنْتُمْ
tabantum
تَبَنُوا
tabanū
f تَبَنْتِ
tabanti
تَبَنَتْ
tabanat
تَبَنَتَا
tabanatā
تَبَنْتُنَّ
tabantunna
تَبَنَّ
tabanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَتْبِنُ
ʔatbinu
تَتْبِنُ
tatbinu
يَتْبِنُ
yatbinu
تَتْبِنَانِ
tatbināni
يَتْبِنَانِ
yatbināni
نَتْبِنُ
natbinu
تَتْبِنُونَ
tatbinūna
يَتْبِنُونَ
yatbinūna
f تَتْبِنِينَ
tatbinīna
تَتْبِنُ
tatbinu
تَتْبِنَانِ
tatbināni
تَتْبِنَّ
tatbinna
يَتْبِنَّ
yatbinna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَتْبِنَ
ʔatbina
تَتْبِنَ
tatbina
يَتْبِنَ
yatbina
تَتْبِنَا
tatbinā
يَتْبِنَا
yatbinā
نَتْبِنَ
natbina
تَتْبِنُوا
tatbinū
يَتْبِنُوا
yatbinū
f تَتْبِنِي
tatbinī
تَتْبِنَ
tatbina
تَتْبِنَا
tatbinā
تَتْبِنَّ
tatbinna
يَتْبِنَّ
yatbinna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَتْبِنْ
ʔatbin
تَتْبِنْ
tatbin
يَتْبِنْ
yatbin
تَتْبِنَا
tatbinā
يَتْبِنَا
yatbinā
نَتْبِنْ
natbin
تَتْبِنُوا
tatbinū
يَتْبِنُوا
yatbinū
f تَتْبِنِي
tatbinī
تَتْبِنْ
tatbin
تَتْبِنَا
tatbinā
تَتْبِنَّ
tatbinna
يَتْبِنَّ
yatbinna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اِتْبِنْ
itbin
اِتْبِنَا
itbinā
اِتْبِنُوا
itbinū
f اِتْبِنِي
itbinī
اِتْبِنَّ
itbinna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m تُبِنْتُ
tubintu
تُبِنْتَ
tubinta
تُبِنَ
tubina
تُبِنْتُمَا
tubintumā
تُبِنَا
tubinā
تُبِنَّا
tubinnā
تُبِنْتُمْ
tubintum
تُبِنُوا
tubinū
f تُبِنْتِ
tubinti
تُبِنَتْ
tubinat
تُبِنَتَا
tubinatā
تُبِنْتُنَّ
tubintunna
تُبِنَّ
tubinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُتْبَنُ
ʔutbanu
تُتْبَنُ
tutbanu
يُتْبَنُ
yutbanu
تُتْبَنَانِ
tutbanāni
يُتْبَنَانِ
yutbanāni
نُتْبَنُ
nutbanu
تُتْبَنُونَ
tutbanūna
يُتْبَنُونَ
yutbanūna
f تُتْبَنِينَ
tutbanīna
تُتْبَنُ
tutbanu
تُتْبَنَانِ
tutbanāni
تُتْبَنَّ
tutbanna
يُتْبَنَّ
yutbanna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُتْبَنَ
ʔutbana
تُتْبَنَ
tutbana
يُتْبَنَ
yutbana
تُتْبَنَا
tutbanā
يُتْبَنَا
yutbanā
نُتْبَنَ
nutbana
تُتْبَنُوا
tutbanū
يُتْبَنُوا
yutbanū
f تُتْبَنِي
tutbanī
تُتْبَنَ
tutbana
تُتْبَنَا
tutbanā
تُتْبَنَّ
tutbanna
يُتْبَنَّ
yutbanna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُتْبَنْ
ʔutban
تُتْبَنْ
tutban
يُتْبَنْ
yutban
تُتْبَنَا
tutbanā
يُتْبَنَا
yutbanā
نُتْبَنْ
nutban
تُتْبَنُوا
tutbanū
يُتْبَنُوا
yutbanū
f تُتْبَنِي
tutbanī
تُتْبَنْ
tutban
تُتْبَنَا
tutbanā
تُتْبَنَّ
tutbanna
يُتْبَنَّ
yutbanna

Etymology 2.3

Verb

تَبَّنَ • (tabbana) II (non-past يُتَبِّنُ (yutabbinu), verbal noun تَتْبِين (tatbīn))

  1. to feed with straw
  2. to bung, to cork
Conjugation
Conjugation of تَبَّنَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَتْبِين)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَتْبِين
tatbīn
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُتَبِّن
mutabbin
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُتَبَّن
mutabban
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m تَبَّنْتُ
tabbantu
تَبَّنْتَ
tabbanta
تَبَّنَ
tabbana
تَبَّنْتُمَا
tabbantumā
تَبَّنَا
tabbanā
تَبَّنَّا
tabbannā
تَبَّنْتُمْ
tabbantum
تَبَّنُوا
tabbanū
f تَبَّنْتِ
tabbanti
تَبَّنَتْ
tabbanat
تَبَّنَتَا
tabbanatā
تَبَّنْتُنَّ
tabbantunna
تَبَّنَّ
tabbanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُتَبِّنُ
ʔutabbinu
تُتَبِّنُ
tutabbinu
يُتَبِّنُ
yutabbinu
تُتَبِّنَانِ
tutabbināni
يُتَبِّنَانِ
yutabbināni
نُتَبِّنُ
nutabbinu
تُتَبِّنُونَ
tutabbinūna
يُتَبِّنُونَ
yutabbinūna
f تُتَبِّنِينَ
tutabbinīna
تُتَبِّنُ
tutabbinu
تُتَبِّنَانِ
tutabbināni
تُتَبِّنَّ
tutabbinna
يُتَبِّنَّ
yutabbinna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُتَبِّنَ
ʔutabbina
تُتَبِّنَ
tutabbina
يُتَبِّنَ
yutabbina
تُتَبِّنَا
tutabbinā
يُتَبِّنَا
yutabbinā
نُتَبِّنَ
nutabbina
تُتَبِّنُوا
tutabbinū
يُتَبِّنُوا
yutabbinū
f تُتَبِّنِي
tutabbinī
تُتَبِّنَ
tutabbina
تُتَبِّنَا
tutabbinā
تُتَبِّنَّ
tutabbinna
يُتَبِّنَّ
yutabbinna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُتَبِّنْ
ʔutabbin
تُتَبِّنْ
tutabbin
يُتَبِّنْ
yutabbin
تُتَبِّنَا
tutabbinā
يُتَبِّنَا
yutabbinā
نُتَبِّنْ
nutabbin
تُتَبِّنُوا
tutabbinū
يُتَبِّنُوا
yutabbinū
f تُتَبِّنِي
tutabbinī
تُتَبِّنْ
tutabbin
تُتَبِّنَا
tutabbinā
تُتَبِّنَّ
tutabbinna
يُتَبِّنَّ
yutabbinna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m تَبِّنْ
tabbin
تَبِّنَا
tabbinā
تَبِّنُوا
tabbinū
f تَبِّنِي
tabbinī
تَبِّنَّ
tabbinna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m تُبِّنْتُ
tubbintu
تُبِّنْتَ
tubbinta
تُبِّنَ
tubbina
تُبِّنْتُمَا
tubbintumā
تُبِّنَا
tubbinā
تُبِّنَّا
tubbinnā
تُبِّنْتُمْ
tubbintum
تُبِّنُوا
tubbinū
f تُبِّنْتِ
tubbinti
تُبِّنَتْ
tubbinat
تُبِّنَتَا
tubbinatā
تُبِّنْتُنَّ
tubbintunna
تُبِّنَّ
tubbinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُتَبَّنُ
ʔutabbanu
تُتَبَّنُ
tutabbanu
يُتَبَّنُ
yutabbanu
تُتَبَّنَانِ
tutabbanāni
يُتَبَّنَانِ
yutabbanāni
نُتَبَّنُ
nutabbanu
تُتَبَّنُونَ
tutabbanūna
يُتَبَّنُونَ
yutabbanūna
f تُتَبَّنِينَ
tutabbanīna
تُتَبَّنُ
tutabbanu
تُتَبَّنَانِ
tutabbanāni
تُتَبَّنَّ
tutabbanna
يُتَبَّنَّ
yutabbanna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُتَبَّنَ
ʔutabbana
تُتَبَّنَ
tutabbana
يُتَبَّنَ
yutabbana
تُتَبَّنَا
tutabbanā
يُتَبَّنَا
yutabbanā
نُتَبَّنَ
nutabbana
تُتَبَّنُوا
tutabbanū
يُتَبَّنُوا
yutabbanū
f تُتَبَّنِي
tutabbanī
تُتَبَّنَ
tutabbana
تُتَبَّنَا
tutabbanā
تُتَبَّنَّ
tutabbanna
يُتَبَّنَّ
yutabbanna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُتَبَّنْ
ʔutabban
تُتَبَّنْ
tutabban
يُتَبَّنْ
yutabban
تُتَبَّنَا
tutabbanā
يُتَبَّنَا
yutabbanā
نُتَبَّنْ
nutabban
تُتَبَّنُوا
tutabbanū
يُتَبَّنُوا
yutabbanū
f تُتَبَّنِي
tutabbanī
تُتَبَّنْ
tutabban
تُتَبَّنَا
tutabbanā
تُتَبَّنَّ
tutabbanna
يُتَبَّنَّ
yutabbanna

Etymology 2.4

Noun

تَبْن • (tabnm

  1. verbal noun of تَبَنَ (tabana, to give straw to)
Declension
Declension of noun تَبْن (tabn)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal تَبْن
tabn
التَّبْن
at-tabn
تَبْن
tabn
nominative تَبْنٌ
tabnun
التَّبْنُ
at-tabnu
تَبْنُ
tabnu
accusative تَبْنًا
tabnan
التَّبْنَ
at-tabna
تَبْنَ
tabna
genitive تَبْنٍ
tabnin
التَّبْنِ
at-tabni
تَبْنِ
tabni

Etymology 2

Uncertain with possible connection to Akkadian 𒋰𒉌𒌈 (/⁠tabnītu⁠/, an offering basket, a place to deposit tribute to a ruler or offerings before deities, literally well-arranged, well-made or constructed) and Akkadian 𒁀𒀀𒉡 (/⁠bānu⁠/, a ewer, vessel that fills up other vessels, literally that which does what it was made for; a by-name for a ewer in ritual texts), therefore distantly being connected to ب ن ي (b n y).

Noun

تِبْن • (tibnm

  1. a great bowl that can satisfy the thirst of twenty, a vessel used to fill drinking cups
  2. a generous chieftain, one who gives large amounts
  3. a wolf for its thirst for blood being likened to a great vessel's amount
Declension
Declension of noun تِبْن (tibn)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal تِبْن
tibn
التِّبْن
at-tibn
تِبْن
tibn
nominative تِبْنٌ
tibnun
التِّبْنُ
at-tibnu
تِبْنُ
tibnu
accusative تِبْنًا
tibnan
التِّبْنَ
at-tibna
تِبْنَ
tibna
genitive تِبْنٍ
tibnin
التِّبْنِ
at-tibni
تِبْنِ
tibni

Etymology 4.1

Like the more productive root ط ب ن (ṭ b n), from which there is with the like meanings طَبِنَ (ṭabina) and طَبِن (ṭabin).

Verb

تَبِنَ • (tabina) I (non-past يَتْبَنُ (yatbanu), verbal noun تَبَن (taban) or تَبَانَة (tabāna))

  1. to be sagacious, to be callid, to be skillful in knowing, to be minute in inspection
Conjugation
Conjugation of تَبِنَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal nouns تَبَن, تَبَانَة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَبَن, تَبَانَة
taban, tabāna
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
تَبِن
tabin
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m تَبِنْتُ
tabintu
تَبِنْتَ
tabinta
تَبِنَ
tabina
تَبِنْتُمَا
tabintumā
تَبِنَا
tabinā
تَبِنَّا
tabinnā
تَبِنْتُمْ
tabintum
تَبِنُوا
tabinū
f تَبِنْتِ
tabinti
تَبِنَتْ
tabinat
تَبِنَتَا
tabinatā
تَبِنْتُنَّ
tabintunna
تَبِنَّ
tabinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَتْبَنُ
ʔatbanu
تَتْبَنُ
tatbanu
يَتْبَنُ
yatbanu
تَتْبَنَانِ
tatbanāni
يَتْبَنَانِ
yatbanāni
نَتْبَنُ
natbanu
تَتْبَنُونَ
tatbanūna
يَتْبَنُونَ
yatbanūna
f تَتْبَنِينَ
tatbanīna
تَتْبَنُ
tatbanu
تَتْبَنَانِ
tatbanāni
تَتْبَنَّ
tatbanna
يَتْبَنَّ
yatbanna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَتْبَنَ
ʔatbana
تَتْبَنَ
tatbana
يَتْبَنَ
yatbana
تَتْبَنَا
tatbanā
يَتْبَنَا
yatbanā
نَتْبَنَ
natbana
تَتْبَنُوا
tatbanū
يَتْبَنُوا
yatbanū
f تَتْبَنِي
tatbanī
تَتْبَنَ
tatbana
تَتْبَنَا
tatbanā
تَتْبَنَّ
tatbanna
يَتْبَنَّ
yatbanna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَتْبَنْ
ʔatban
تَتْبَنْ
tatban
يَتْبَنْ
yatban
تَتْبَنَا
tatbanā
يَتْبَنَا
yatbanā
نَتْبَنْ
natban
تَتْبَنُوا
tatbanū
يَتْبَنُوا
yatbanū
f تَتْبَنِي
tatbanī
تَتْبَنْ
tatban
تَتْبَنَا
tatbanā
تَتْبَنَّ
tatbanna
يَتْبَنَّ
yatbanna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اِتْبَنْ
itban
اِتْبَنَا
itbanā
اِتْبَنُوا
itbanū
f اِتْبَنِي
itbanī
اِتْبَنَّ
itbanna

Etymology 4.2

Adjective

تَبِن • (tabin)

  1. intelligent, callid, sagacious, skillful in knowing, minute in inspection
Declension
Declension of noun تَبِن (tabin)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal تَبِن
tabin
التَّبِن
at-tabin
تَبِن
tabin
nominative تَبِنٌ
tabinun
التَّبِنُ
at-tabinu
تَبِنُ
tabinu
accusative تَبِنًا
tabinan
التَّبِنَ
at-tabina
تَبِنَ
tabina
genitive تَبِنٍ
tabinin
التَّبِنِ
at-tabini
تَبِنِ
tabini

Etymology 4.3

Noun

تَبَن • (tabanm

  1. verbal noun of تَبِنَ (tabina, to be callid)
Declension
Declension of noun تَبَن (taban)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal تَبَن
taban
التَّبَن
at-taban
تَبَن
taban
nominative تَبَنٌ
tabanun
التَّبَنُ
at-tabanu
تَبَنُ
tabanu
accusative تَبَنًا
tabanan
التَّبَنَ
at-tabana
تَبَنَ
tabana
genitive تَبَنٍ
tabanin
التَّبَنِ
at-tabani
تَبَنِ
tabani

Etymology 3

Verb

تبن (form I)

  1. تَبِنَّ (tabinna) /ta.bin.na/: second-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of بَانَ (bāna)
  2. تَبِنْ (tabin) /ta.bin/: inflection of بَانَ (bāna):
    1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
    2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive

Etymology 4

Verb

تبن (form I)

  1. تَبْنِ (tabni) /tab.ni/: inflection of بَنَى (banā):
    1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
    2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive
  2. تُبْنَ (tubna) /tub.na/: inflection of بَنَى (banā):
    1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive
    2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive

Etymology 5

Verb

تُبْنَ • (tubna) (form I) /tub.na/

  1. inflection of تَابَ (tāba):
    1. third-person feminine plural past active
    2. second-person feminine plural imperative

References

  • Aro, Jussi (1963) “Gemeinsemitische Ackerbauterminologie”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[1] (in German), volume 113, page 478
  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “تبن”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 141
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 124
  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “تبن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[3] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 185
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “تبن”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[4] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 192
  • Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “تبن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 297.
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “تبن”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 135
  • Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 41