جسور
Arabic
Etymology 1.1
| Root |
|---|
| ج س ر (j s r) |
| 3 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒa.suːr/
- Rhymes: -uːr
Adjective
جَسُور • (jasūr) (feminine جَسُور (jasūr) or جَسُورَة (jasūra), common plural جُسُر (jusur), masculine plural جَسُورُون (jasūrūn), feminine plural جَسَائِر (jasāʔir))
- bold, daring; courageous
- Synonym: جَسْر (jasr)
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular triptote | basic singular triptote; singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | جَسُور jasūr |
الْجَسُور al-jasūr |
جَسُور; جَسُورَة jasūr; jasūra |
الْجَسُور; الْجَسُورَة al-jasūr; al-jasūra |
| nominative | جَسُورٌ jasūrun |
الْجَسُورُ al-jasūru |
جَسُورٌ; جَسُورَةٌ jasūrun; jasūratun |
الْجَسُورُ; الْجَسُورَةُ al-jasūru; al-jasūratu |
| accusative | جَسُورًا jasūran |
الْجَسُورَ al-jasūra |
جَسُورًا; جَسُورَةً jasūran; jasūratan |
الْجَسُورَ; الْجَسُورَةَ al-jasūra; al-jasūrata |
| genitive | جَسُورٍ jasūrin |
الْجَسُورِ al-jasūri |
جَسُورٍ; جَسُورَةٍ jasūrin; jasūratin |
الْجَسُورِ; الْجَسُورَةِ al-jasūri; al-jasūrati |
| dual | masculine | feminine | ||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | جَسُورَيْن jasūrayn |
الْجَسُورَيْن al-jasūrayn |
جَسُورَيْن; جَسُورَتَيْن jasūrayn; jasūratayn |
الْجَسُورَيْن; الْجَسُورَتَيْن al-jasūrayn; al-jasūratayn |
| nominative | جَسُورَانِ jasūrāni |
الْجَسُورَانِ al-jasūrāni |
جَسُورَانِ; جَسُورَتَانِ jasūrāni; jasūratāni |
الْجَسُورَانِ; الْجَسُورَتَانِ al-jasūrāni; al-jasūratāni |
| accusative | جَسُورَيْنِ jasūrayni |
الْجَسُورَيْنِ al-jasūrayni |
جَسُورَيْنِ; جَسُورَتَيْنِ jasūrayni; jasūratayni |
الْجَسُورَيْنِ; الْجَسُورَتَيْنِ al-jasūrayni; al-jasūratayni |
| genitive | جَسُورَيْنِ jasūrayni |
الْجَسُورَيْنِ al-jasūrayni |
جَسُورَيْنِ; جَسُورَتَيْنِ jasūrayni; jasūratayni |
الْجَسُورَيْنِ; الْجَسُورَتَيْنِ al-jasūrayni; al-jasūratayni |
| plural | masculine | feminine | ||
| basic broken plural triptote; sound masculine plural |
basic broken plural diptote | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | جُسُر; جَسُورِين jusur; jasūrīn |
الْجُسُر; الْجَسُورِين al-jusur; al-jasūrīn |
جَسَائِر jasāʔir |
الْجَسَائِر al-jasāʔir |
| nominative | جُسُرٌ; جَسُورُونَ jusurun; jasūrūna |
الْجُسُرُ; الْجَسُورُونَ al-jusuru; al-jasūrūna |
جَسَائِرُ jasāʔiru |
الْجَسَائِرُ al-jasāʔiru |
| accusative | جُسُرًا; جَسُورِينَ jusuran; jasūrīna |
الْجُسُرَ; الْجَسُورِينَ al-jusura; al-jasūrīna |
جَسَائِرَ jasāʔira |
الْجَسَائِرَ al-jasāʔira |
| genitive | جُسُرٍ; جَسُورِينَ jusurin; jasūrīna |
الْجُسُرِ; الْجَسُورِينَ al-jusuri; al-jasūrīna |
جَسَائِرَ jasāʔira |
الْجَسَائِرِ al-jasāʔiri |
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: cəsur
- → Northern Kurdish: cesûr
- → Ottoman Turkish: جسور (cesur)
- Turkish: cesur
- → Armenian: ճէսուր (čēsur)
- → Pashto: جسور
- → Persian: جسور
- → Uyghur: جەسۇر (jesur)
- → Uzbek: jasur
Etymology 1.2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒu.suːr/
- Rhymes: -uːr
Noun
جُسُور • (jusūr) m
- verbal noun of جَسَرَ (jasara, “to venture, to risk”) (form I)
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | جُسُور jusūr |
الْجُسُور al-jusūr |
جُسُور jusūr |
| nominative | جُسُورٌ jusūrun |
الْجُسُورُ al-jusūru |
جُسُورُ jusūru |
| accusative | جُسُورًا jusūran |
الْجُسُورَ al-jusūra |
جُسُورَ jusūra |
| genitive | جُسُورٍ jusūrin |
الْجُسُورِ al-jusūri |
جُسُورِ jusūri |
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒu.suːr/
- Rhymes: -uːr
Noun
جُسُور • (jusūr) m pl
- plural of جِسْر (jisr)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic جَسُور (jasūr, “bold, audacious”), a derivation from the verb جَسَرَ (jasara, “to dare”).
Adjective
جسور • (cesur)
- bold, daring, audacious, temerarious, showing willingness to take risks
Derived terms
- جسورلق (cesurluk, “audacity, boldness”)
Descendants
- Turkish: cesur
- → Armenian: ճէսուր (čēsur)
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “cesur”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 783
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “cesûr”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 167
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جسور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 441
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Magnanimus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 984
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “جسور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 1617
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “cesur”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “جسور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 662
Pashto
Etymology
Adjective
جسور • (jasur)
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic جَسُور (jasūr).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /d͡ʒa.ˈsuːɾ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒä.suːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒæ.suːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒä.suɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | jasūr |
| Dari reading? | jasūr |
| Iranian reading? | jasur |
| Tajik reading? | jasur |
Adjective
جسور • (jasur)
- bold, daring, brave, reckless (of a person)
- 2024 May 1, “آخرین لحظات نیکا؛ مستند تحقیقی بی‌بی‌سی بر اساس اسناد محرمانه درباره کشته‌شدن نیکا شاکرمی”, in YouTube[6], BBC Persian:
- خیلی خیلی جسور و نترس بود.
- xeyli xeyli jasur o natars bud.
- She was very, very daring and fearless.
Derived terms
- جسورانه (jasurâne)
Descendants
Further reading
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “جسور”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian جسور (jasūr), from Arabic جَسُور (jasūr).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d͡ʒə.suːɾ/
Adjective
جَسُور • (jasūr) (Hindi spelling जसूर)
Further reading
- “جسور”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.