حبش

See also: حبس and جبس

Arabic

Etymology 1

Noun

حَبَش • (ḥabašf

  1. only used in الْحَبَش (al-ḥabaš)
Declension
Declension of noun الْحَبَش (al-ḥabaš)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal الْحَبَش
al-ḥabaš
nominative الْحَبَشُ
al-ḥabašu
accusative الْحَبَشَ
al-ḥabaša
genitive الْحَبَشِ
al-ḥabaši

Etymology 2

Back-formation from الْحَبَشَة (al-ḥabaša, Ethiopia) due to ideas of getting richer through incense trade. Alternatively variant of حَفَشَ (ḥafaša, to gather), which may be illustrated by the same verb in Ge'ez, ሐፈሠ (ḥäfäśä), variating too as ሐበሠ (ḥäbäśä, to collect).

Verb

حَبَشَ • (ḥabaša) I (non-past يَحْبُشُ (yaḥbušu), verbal noun حَبْش (ḥabš) or حُبَاشَة (ḥubāša))

  1. to collect, to earn, to reap
Conjugation
Conjugation of حَبَشَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal nouns حَبْش, حُبَاشَة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
حَبْش, حُبَاشَة
ḥabš, ḥubāša
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
حَابِش
ḥābiš
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَحْبُوش
maḥbūš
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m حَبَشْتُ
ḥabaštu
حَبَشْتَ
ḥabašta
حَبَشَ
ḥabaša
حَبَشْتُمَا
ḥabaštumā
حَبَشَا
ḥabašā
حَبَشْنَا
ḥabašnā
حَبَشْتُمْ
ḥabaštum
حَبَشُوا
ḥabašū
f حَبَشْتِ
ḥabašti
حَبَشَتْ
ḥabašat
حَبَشَتَا
ḥabašatā
حَبَشْتُنَّ
ḥabaštunna
حَبَشْنَ
ḥabašna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَحْبُشُ
ʔaḥbušu
تَحْبُشُ
taḥbušu
يَحْبُشُ
yaḥbušu
تَحْبُشَانِ
taḥbušāni
يَحْبُشَانِ
yaḥbušāni
نَحْبُشُ
naḥbušu
تَحْبُشُونَ
taḥbušūna
يَحْبُشُونَ
yaḥbušūna
f تَحْبُشِينَ
taḥbušīna
تَحْبُشُ
taḥbušu
تَحْبُشَانِ
taḥbušāni
تَحْبُشْنَ
taḥbušna
يَحْبُشْنَ
yaḥbušna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَحْبُشَ
ʔaḥbuša
تَحْبُشَ
taḥbuša
يَحْبُشَ
yaḥbuša
تَحْبُشَا
taḥbušā
يَحْبُشَا
yaḥbušā
نَحْبُشَ
naḥbuša
تَحْبُشُوا
taḥbušū
يَحْبُشُوا
yaḥbušū
f تَحْبُشِي
taḥbušī
تَحْبُشَ
taḥbuša
تَحْبُشَا
taḥbušā
تَحْبُشْنَ
taḥbušna
يَحْبُشْنَ
yaḥbušna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَحْبُشْ
ʔaḥbuš
تَحْبُشْ
taḥbuš
يَحْبُشْ
yaḥbuš
تَحْبُشَا
taḥbušā
يَحْبُشَا
yaḥbušā
نَحْبُشْ
naḥbuš
تَحْبُشُوا
taḥbušū
يَحْبُشُوا
yaḥbušū
f تَحْبُشِي
taḥbušī
تَحْبُشْ
taḥbuš
تَحْبُشَا
taḥbušā
تَحْبُشْنَ
taḥbušna
يَحْبُشْنَ
yaḥbušna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اُحْبُشْ
uḥbuš
اُحْبُشَا
uḥbušā
اُحْبُشُوا
uḥbušū
f اُحْبُشِي
uḥbušī
اُحْبُشْنَ
uḥbušna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m حُبِشْتُ
ḥubištu
حُبِشْتَ
ḥubišta
حُبِشَ
ḥubiša
حُبِشْتُمَا
ḥubištumā
حُبِشَا
ḥubišā
حُبِشْنَا
ḥubišnā
حُبِشْتُمْ
ḥubištum
حُبِشُوا
ḥubišū
f حُبِشْتِ
ḥubišti
حُبِشَتْ
ḥubišat
حُبِشَتَا
ḥubišatā
حُبِشْتُنَّ
ḥubištunna
حُبِشْنَ
ḥubišna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُحْبَشُ
ʔuḥbašu
تُحْبَشُ
tuḥbašu
يُحْبَشُ
yuḥbašu
تُحْبَشَانِ
tuḥbašāni
يُحْبَشَانِ
yuḥbašāni
نُحْبَشُ
nuḥbašu
تُحْبَشُونَ
tuḥbašūna
يُحْبَشُونَ
yuḥbašūna
f تُحْبَشِينَ
tuḥbašīna
تُحْبَشُ
tuḥbašu
تُحْبَشَانِ
tuḥbašāni
تُحْبَشْنَ
tuḥbašna
يُحْبَشْنَ
yuḥbašna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُحْبَشَ
ʔuḥbaša
تُحْبَشَ
tuḥbaša
يُحْبَشَ
yuḥbaša
تُحْبَشَا
tuḥbašā
يُحْبَشَا
yuḥbašā
نُحْبَشَ
nuḥbaša
تُحْبَشُوا
tuḥbašū
يُحْبَشُوا
yuḥbašū
f تُحْبَشِي
tuḥbašī
تُحْبَشَ
tuḥbaša
تُحْبَشَا
tuḥbašā
تُحْبَشْنَ
tuḥbašna
يُحْبَشْنَ
yuḥbašna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُحْبَشْ
ʔuḥbaš
تُحْبَشْ
tuḥbaš
يُحْبَشْ
yuḥbaš
تُحْبَشَا
tuḥbašā
يُحْبَشَا
yuḥbašā
نُحْبَشْ
nuḥbaš
تُحْبَشُوا
tuḥbašū
يُحْبَشُوا
yuḥbašū
f تُحْبَشِي
tuḥbašī
تُحْبَشْ
tuḥbaš
تُحْبَشَا
tuḥbašā
تُحْبَشْنَ
tuḥbašna
يُحْبَشْنَ
yuḥbašna

Verb

حَبَّشَ • (ḥabbaša) II (non-past يُحَبِّشُ (yuḥabbišu), verbal noun تَحْبِيش (taḥbīš))

  1. to collect, to earn, to reap
Conjugation
Conjugation of حَبَّشَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَحْبِيش)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَحْبِيش
taḥbīš
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُحَبِّش
muḥabbiš
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُحَبَّش
muḥabbaš
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m حَبَّشْتُ
ḥabbaštu
حَبَّشْتَ
ḥabbašta
حَبَّشَ
ḥabbaša
حَبَّشْتُمَا
ḥabbaštumā
حَبَّشَا
ḥabbašā
حَبَّشْنَا
ḥabbašnā
حَبَّشْتُمْ
ḥabbaštum
حَبَّشُوا
ḥabbašū
f حَبَّشْتِ
ḥabbašti
حَبَّشَتْ
ḥabbašat
حَبَّشَتَا
ḥabbašatā
حَبَّشْتُنَّ
ḥabbaštunna
حَبَّشْنَ
ḥabbašna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُحَبِّشُ
ʔuḥabbišu
تُحَبِّشُ
tuḥabbišu
يُحَبِّشُ
yuḥabbišu
تُحَبِّشَانِ
tuḥabbišāni
يُحَبِّشَانِ
yuḥabbišāni
نُحَبِّشُ
nuḥabbišu
تُحَبِّشُونَ
tuḥabbišūna
يُحَبِّشُونَ
yuḥabbišūna
f تُحَبِّشِينَ
tuḥabbišīna
تُحَبِّشُ
tuḥabbišu
تُحَبِّشَانِ
tuḥabbišāni
تُحَبِّشْنَ
tuḥabbišna
يُحَبِّشْنَ
yuḥabbišna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُحَبِّشَ
ʔuḥabbiša
تُحَبِّشَ
tuḥabbiša
يُحَبِّشَ
yuḥabbiša
تُحَبِّشَا
tuḥabbišā
يُحَبِّشَا
yuḥabbišā
نُحَبِّشَ
nuḥabbiša
تُحَبِّشُوا
tuḥabbišū
يُحَبِّشُوا
yuḥabbišū
f تُحَبِّشِي
tuḥabbišī
تُحَبِّشَ
tuḥabbiša
تُحَبِّشَا
tuḥabbišā
تُحَبِّشْنَ
tuḥabbišna
يُحَبِّشْنَ
yuḥabbišna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُحَبِّشْ
ʔuḥabbiš
تُحَبِّشْ
tuḥabbiš
يُحَبِّشْ
yuḥabbiš
تُحَبِّشَا
tuḥabbišā
يُحَبِّشَا
yuḥabbišā
نُحَبِّشْ
nuḥabbiš
تُحَبِّشُوا
tuḥabbišū
يُحَبِّشُوا
yuḥabbišū
f تُحَبِّشِي
tuḥabbišī
تُحَبِّشْ
tuḥabbiš
تُحَبِّشَا
tuḥabbišā
تُحَبِّشْنَ
tuḥabbišna
يُحَبِّشْنَ
yuḥabbišna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m حَبِّشْ
ḥabbiš
حَبِّشَا
ḥabbišā
حَبِّشُوا
ḥabbišū
f حَبِّشِي
ḥabbišī
حَبِّشْنَ
ḥabbišna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m حُبِّشْتُ
ḥubbištu
حُبِّشْتَ
ḥubbišta
حُبِّشَ
ḥubbiša
حُبِّشْتُمَا
ḥubbištumā
حُبِّشَا
ḥubbišā
حُبِّشْنَا
ḥubbišnā
حُبِّشْتُمْ
ḥubbištum
حُبِّشُوا
ḥubbišū
f حُبِّشْتِ
ḥubbišti
حُبِّشَتْ
ḥubbišat
حُبِّشَتَا
ḥubbišatā
حُبِّشْتُنَّ
ḥubbištunna
حُبِّشْنَ
ḥubbišna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُحَبَّشُ
ʔuḥabbašu
تُحَبَّشُ
tuḥabbašu
يُحَبَّشُ
yuḥabbašu
تُحَبَّشَانِ
tuḥabbašāni
يُحَبَّشَانِ
yuḥabbašāni
نُحَبَّشُ
nuḥabbašu
تُحَبَّشُونَ
tuḥabbašūna
يُحَبَّشُونَ
yuḥabbašūna
f تُحَبَّشِينَ
tuḥabbašīna
تُحَبَّشُ
tuḥabbašu
تُحَبَّشَانِ
tuḥabbašāni
تُحَبَّشْنَ
tuḥabbašna
يُحَبَّشْنَ
yuḥabbašna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُحَبَّشَ
ʔuḥabbaša
تُحَبَّشَ
tuḥabbaša
يُحَبَّشَ
yuḥabbaša
تُحَبَّشَا
tuḥabbašā
يُحَبَّشَا
yuḥabbašā
نُحَبَّشَ
nuḥabbaša
تُحَبَّشُوا
tuḥabbašū
يُحَبَّشُوا
yuḥabbašū
f تُحَبَّشِي
tuḥabbašī
تُحَبَّشَ
tuḥabbaša
تُحَبَّشَا
tuḥabbašā
تُحَبَّشْنَ
tuḥabbašna
يُحَبَّشْنَ
yuḥabbašna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُحَبَّشْ
ʔuḥabbaš
تُحَبَّشْ
tuḥabbaš
يُحَبَّشْ
yuḥabbaš
تُحَبَّشَا
tuḥabbašā
يُحَبَّشَا
yuḥabbašā
نُحَبَّشْ
nuḥabbaš
تُحَبَّشُوا
tuḥabbašū
يُحَبَّشُوا
yuḥabbašū
f تُحَبَّشِي
tuḥabbašī
تُحَبَّشْ
tuḥabbaš
تُحَبَّشَا
tuḥabbašā
تُحَبَّشْنَ
tuḥabbašna
يُحَبَّشْنَ
yuḥabbašna

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “حبش”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 335
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “حبش”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 368a

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic حَبَش (ḥabaš, Abyssinia).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ħabaʃ/

Noun

حبش • (ḥabašm (collective)

  1. maize, corn
    Synonym: ذُرة (dura)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic الْحَبَش (al-ḥabaš).

Proper noun

حبش • (habeş)

  1. (historical) Abyssinia, the Ethiopian Empire, a former empire in East Africa, consisting of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea
    Synonyms: حبشستان (habeşistân), حبشه (habeşe)
  2. (historical) Habesh, the Ottoman eyalet of Abyssinia which extended on the areas of coastal Hejaz and Northeast Africa
    Synonym: ایالت حبش (eyâlet-i habeş)

Proper noun

حبش • (habeş) (definite accusative حبشی (habeşi), plural حبشلر (habeşler))

  1. Abyssinian, Abassian, a person from or an inhabitant of Abyssinia
    Synonym: حبشی (habeşî)

Derived terms

  • ایالت حبش (eyâlet-i habeş, Habesh eyalet)
  • حبش كبی (habeş gibi, dark olive-colored)
  • حبش معدنی (habeş maʼdeni, black sulphur of mercury)
  • حبش میمونی (habeş maymunu, baboon)
  • حبشستان (habeşistân, Abyssinia)
  • حبشه (habeşe, Abyssinia)
  • حبشی (habeşî, Abyssinian)

Descendants

  • Turkish: Habeş
  • Albanian: Habesh
  • Armenian: հաբեշ / հապէշ (habeš)

Further reading

  • Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “حبش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 642
  • Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “Habeş”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1824
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911) “حبش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 496
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Æthiopia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 37
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “حبش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 1721
  • Redhouse, James W. (1890) “حبش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 761
  • Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Habeş”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎[7], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 319

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Shortening of ديك الحبش (dīk il-ḥabaš, literally Ethiopian rooster).

Noun

حبش • (ḥabašm

  1. (uncountable) turkey

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَبَشْ (ḥabaš, Abyssinia), the former name of Ethiopia.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

حَبَش • (habaśm (Hindi spelling हबश)

  1. (historical) Abyssinia (former name of Ethiopia: a country and former empire in East Africa; used as an exonym until the mid 20th century)